A method of laser machining a workpiece includes the steps of: radiating a laser beam onto at least one workpiece, the laser beam having a core beam and a ring beam extending coaxially with one another, wherein the laser beam is moved over the workpiece along a pre-determined machining path, and adjusting a laser power of the core beam and/or a laser power of the ring beam as a function of a position of the laser beam on the workpiece. An associated laser machining system is also disclosed.

Provided is a laser welding apparatus configured to weld an electrode lead of at least one secondary battery of a battery module and a main bus bar configured to electrically connect a plurality of secondary batteries to each other. The laser welding apparatus includes: a laser beam emitting unit including a laser emitting element to irradiate a laser beam to the electrode lead and the main bus bar; a pressing jig including a pressing bar configured to move in a left-and-right direction such that the electrode lead is adhered to the main bus bar; and a blocking block movable to block the laser beam generated in the laser beam emitting unit from reaching the at least one secondary battery or movable to allow the generated laser beam to pass therethrough, according to a position of the pressing bar moved in the left-and-right direction.

Provided is a laser welding apparatus configured to weld an electrode lead of at least one secondary battery of a battery module and a main bus bar configured to electrically connect a plurality of secondary batteries to each other. The laser welding apparatus includes: a laser beam emitting unit including a laser emitting element to irradiate a laser beam to the electrode lead and the main bus bar; a pressing jig including a pressing bar configured to move in a left-and-right direction such that the electrode lead is adhered to the main bus bar; and a blocking block movable to block the laser beam generated in the laser beam emitting unit from reaching the at least one secondary battery or movable to allow the generated laser beam to pass therethrough, according to a position of the pressing bar moved in the left-and-right direction.

A welding method of a battery cover plate includes: performing a first welding and performing a second welding. The first welding starts from an edge of one side of the cover plate, continuously welds a portion of a connecting seam between a shell and the cover plate, and ends at an edge of an opposite side. The second welding starts from an ending position of the first welding, continuously welds a remaining portion of the connecting seam, and ends at an initial position of the first welding, or, the second welding starts from the initial position of the first welding, continuously welds the remaining portion of the connecting seam, and ends at the ending position of the first welding.

A laser processing method for scanning over a first member in a first direction while irradiating the first member with a laser beam emitted from an oscillator, and joining the first member and a second member adjacent to the first member by a molten portion, the laser processing method including the steps of: in each of a first measurement region and a second measurement region different from the first measurement region, measuring an intensity of a welding light including any one of a heat radiation light radiated from at least one of the first member and the second member by irradiation with the laser beam, a plasma light, and a reflected light; and evaluating a processing state based on the intensity of the welding light measured in each of the first measurement region and the second measurement region, in which the first measurement region and the second measurement region are aligned in a second direction intersecting the first direction.

A laser processing method for scanning over a first member in a first direction while irradiating the first member with a laser beam emitted from an oscillator, and joining the first member and a second member adjacent to the first member by a molten portion, the laser processing method including the steps of: in each of a first measurement region and a second measurement region different from the first measurement region, measuring an intensity of a welding light including any one of a heat radiation light radiated from at least one of the first member and the second member by irradiation with the laser beam, a plasma light, and a reflected light; and evaluating a processing state based on the intensity of the welding light measured in each of the first measurement region and the second measurement region, in which the first measurement region and the second measurement region are aligned in a second direction intersecting the first direction.

A method of laser welding a steel substrate and a ductile iron substrate is disclosed along with a laser welded assembly that may be formed by practicing the disclosed method. The disclosed laser welding method involves forming a laser weld joint between the steel and ductile iron substrates. The laser weld joint includes a fusion zone comprised of austenite ferrous alloy that has a composition derived from intermixing molten portions of the steel and ductile iron substrates as part of the laser welding process. The austenite ferrous alloy that constitutes the fusion zone of the laser weld joint has a carbon content of 2 wt % or more and a nickel equivalent of 60% or more and can be achieved without preheating the steel and ductile iron substrates prior to welding or using a filler wire to introduce a foreign metal into the molten substrate material created by the laser beam.

The present disclosure relates to a battery module that prevents a swelling of battery cells, and a method for manufacturing the same. The battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked, a first frame which is formed of a lower surface, and left and right surfaces to cover a lower surface and left and right surfaces of the battery cell stack; and a second frame of which an upper surface, and front, rear, left and right surfaces are integrally formed to cover an upper surface and front and rear surfaces of the battery cell stack, and the left and right surfaces of the first frame.

A laser welding system includes: a laser irradiation unit configured to irradiate an object to be welded with a laser beam; a temperature distribution measurement unit configured to measure a temperature distribution of a molten pool formed in the object to be welded by the irradiation of the laser beam; a convection analysis unit configured to analyze a state of convection of the molten pool based on the temperature distribution of the molten pool measured by the temperature distribution measurement unit; and a laser control unit configured to control an irradiation condition of the laser beam. When the state of convection of the molten pool analyzed by the convection analysis unit corresponds to a predetermined spatter generation mode, the laser control unit changes the irradiation condition of the laser beam so that the state of convection of the molten pool is not in the spatter generation mode.

A laser welding system includes: a laser irradiation unit configured to irradiate an object to be welded with a laser beam; a temperature distribution measurement unit configured to measure a temperature distribution of a molten pool formed in the object to be welded by the irradiation of the laser beam; a convection analysis unit configured to analyze a state of convection of the molten pool based on the temperature distribution of the molten pool measured by the temperature distribution measurement unit; and a laser control unit configured to control an irradiation condition of the laser beam. When the state of convection of the molten pool analyzed by the convection analysis unit corresponds to a predetermined spatter generation mode, the laser control unit changes the irradiation condition of the laser beam so that the state of convection of the molten pool is not in the spatter generation mode.