A surface treatment method is for processing a surface of a substrate. The method includes irradiating a surface having unevenness with a laser beam satisfying all of the three following requirements: a power density in a range with a radius of 25 μm from a center of a laser beam spot is 1.0×103 to 1.0×105 kW/cm2; a power density of an entire laser beam spot is 0.08 to 0.12 times the power density in the range with the radius of 25 μm from the center of the laser beam spot; and an action time in the range with the radius of 25 μm from the center of the laser beam spot is 1.7×10-6 to 1.0×10-5 seconds. The method leaves a certain roughness on the surface of the substrate while removing fine and sharp protrusions on the surface.

In some embodiments, a method includes engraving, marking and/or inscribing a workpiece using a laser plotter. In said method, in a housing of the laser plotter, one, preferably more, in particular two laser sources in the form of lasers have an effect preferably alternating on the workpiece to be processed. The workpiece is laid in a defined manner on a processing table and a laser beam emitted from the beam source (4) is transmitted to at least one focusing unit via deflection elements and the laser beam is diverted toward the workpiece and focused for processing. The workpiece, in particular the position of the work piece in relation to the laser beam, is controlled by means of software running in a control unit, such that the workpiece is processed line by line by the displacement of a carriage. A sequence control adapted to the quality of the engraving in which a defined ratio of a spot variable to the line distance and an engraving controller of the lines to be processed is determined and/or carried out by the control unit and the focusing unit on the carriage is controlled corresponding to the defined parameters of the sequence control.

A method of forming an electrode in a ceramic transducer electronic component is provided. The method includes preparing a sintered body for a ceramic transducer containing a metal oxide, performing patterning by irradiating a laser on a surface of the sintered body for a ceramic transducer, and forming a metal electrode by performing an electroless plating process on the sintered body for a ceramic transducer on which the patterning is formed, wherein, in the performing of the patterning by irradiating the laser on the surface of the sintered body for a ceramic transducer, the patterning is performed by irradiating the laser that satisfies at least one of a predetermined power condition and a predetermined processing speed condition.

The disclosed invention includes articles having advantageous ceramic layers with a ceramic/metal intermediate layer that diminishes towards a pure metal core. Such articles have substantial use in unconventional, harsh environments.

A metal-ceramic article and method for creating the same is disclosed in which the article has undergone machining to remove outer surface volume. The intermediate layer of the article includes a gradient of a metal and metal-ceramic that diminishes toward a metal core.

The invention is a hybrid composite material between a first joining partner having a metal surface and a second joining partner having a polymeric material surface. A process for producing a hybrid composite material associated therewith is also described. The hybrid composite material according to the invention is characterized in that the metal surface has microstructured depressions, having a diameter and a structure depth in the micrometer range, the microstructured depressions have metallic surface regions which are furnished entirely with nanostructures, the structure dimensions of which are in the nanometer range, the microstructured depressions are blind holes or throughhole openings fully passing through the first joining partner.

The present disclosure provides a self-driven water collecting surface having a superhydrophilic-superhydrophobic structure, and a method for preparing the same, belonged to the technical field of water harvesting and superhydrophobic surfaces. The water collecting surface is a superhydrophobic surface with the distributed superhydrophilic region. The superhydrophilic region is a venation channel network structure consisting of hierarchical superhydrophilic channels. In the method, a pulsed laser is firstly adopted to form periodically distributed peak-pit microstructures and nanostructures, which is then modified with a low-surface-energy substance. Then, the low-surface-energy substance layer is removed by a pulsed laser again according to a venation channel network pattern. The laser scanned region is superhydrophilic, while the other regions are superhydrophobic. So that, the self-driven water collecting surface with the superhydrophobic-superhydrophilic structure is obtained.

Provided is a mask assembly including a mask sheet including a pattern part with at least one opening part, and a welding part connected to the pattern part, and a mask frame with the mask sheet mounted thereon and welded to the welding part. The mask sheet includes a first surface configured to fact the mask frame and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The welding part includes a hatching area in which a surface roughness of the second surface is larger than that of the second surface in the pattern part.

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for composite-to-metal hybrid bonded structures compromising the laser surface treatment on titanium alloys to promote adhesive bond performance. For example, a computer may be programmed to set a laser path corresponding to a predetermined geometric pattern. A laser may be coupled to the computer and apply a pulsed laser beam to a contact surface of the titanium alloy along the predefined geometric pattern. The laser may generate an open pore oxide layer on the contact surface of the substrate with a thickness of 100 and 500 nm. The open pore oxide layer may have a topography corresponding to the predefined geometric pattern. The topography may contain high degree of open pore structure and promote adhesive bond performance. Adhesive, primer or composite resin matrix may fully infiltrate into the open pore structures. Adhesive and composite laminate may co-cure to form composite-to-titanium hybrid bonded structures.

A system may include an energy delivery device and a computing device. The computing device may be configured to: control the energy delivery device to deliver energy to an abrasive coating, wherein the abrasive coating comprises a metal matrix and abrasive particles at least partially encapsulated by the metal matrix; and control the energy delivery device to scan the energy across a surface of the abrasive coating and form a series of softened or melted portions of the metal matrix.