A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention includes a base steel sheet having plural grooves on a surface and a glass film formed on the surface of the base steel sheet. In case of viewing region including grooves in cross section orthogonal to groove longitudinal direction, a straight line passing through peak point present on profile line of glass film and parallel to groove width direction orthogonal to sheet thickness direction in cross section is defined as reference line, a point present on boundary line between glass film and base steel sheet and present at lowest location in sheet thickness direction is defined as deepest point, and a point present on boundary line and present at the highest location in the sheet thickness direction in region having the deepest point in a center and having length of 2 μm in groove width direction is defined as shallowest point, a relationship between shortest distance A between reference line and deepest point and shortest distance B between reference line and shallowest point satisfies Expression (1).
0.1 μm≤A−B≤5.0 μm  (1)

A method for manufacturing a timepiece component includes: forming a first processed surface having a predetermined pattern by irradiating a surface of a receiving plate with a femtosecond laser; and forming a second processed surface having a surface roughness smaller than that of the first processed surface by irradiating at least a part of the first processed surface with a nanosecond laser.

A method for manufacturing a timepiece component includes: forming a first processed surface having a predetermined pattern by irradiating a surface of a receiving plate with a femtosecond laser; and forming a second processed surface having a surface roughness smaller than that of the first processed surface by irradiating at least a part of the first processed surface with a nanosecond laser.

An apparatus and method of fabricating particles composed of metals, conducting polymers, semiconductors, and composites of such materials are provided. The method includes application of an editing tool, such as a laser, for patterning an editable structure that mounted on an electrically conductive substrate. Portions of the editable structure may be removed so as to allow electrodeposition.

A laser descaling device and process includes a first laser sending a ray to the product to be descaled, reflected rays being intercepted by sensors that send collected information into a processing unit that calculates the absorption of the ray by the surface of the product, deduces the emissivity of the oxidized surface in the direction of the reflected rays, and correlates this emissivity with reference information prerecorded inside the processing unit; a second laser sends a ray onto the surface of the product, the spots of the rays covering the entire surface to be descaled, the second laser being controlled by a control unit receiving information provided by the processing unit making it possible to determine the operating parameters to be imposed on the second laser to obtain the descaling of the surface of the product, compared with experimental results prerecorded in the control unit.

A laser descaling device and process includes a first laser sending a ray to the product to be descaled, reflected rays being intercepted by sensors that send collected information into a processing unit that calculates the absorption of the ray by the surface of the product, deduces the emissivity of the oxidized surface in the direction of the reflected rays, and correlates this emissivity with reference information prerecorded inside the processing unit; a second laser sends a ray onto the surface of the product, the spots of the rays covering the entire surface to be descaled, the second laser being controlled by a control unit receiving information provided by the processing unit making it possible to determine the operating parameters to be imposed on the second laser to obtain the descaling of the surface of the product, compared with experimental results prerecorded in the control unit.

To form linear grooves of desired groove width on a metal strip surface and provide a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic properties, a linear groove formation method comprises: forming a resist coating on at least one surface of a metal strip; thereafter irradiating the resist coating with a laser while scanning the laser in a direction crossing a rolling direction of the metal strip, to remove the resist coating in a part irradiated with the laser; and thereafter performing etching treatment to form a linear groove in a part of the metal strip in which the resist coating is removed, wherein the resist coating contains a predetermined amount of an inorganic compound, and on the surface of the metal strip, the laser has a predetermined elliptic beam shape.

A bulged, forward-acting rupture disc (10) and a pressure relief device (38) incorporating a rupture disc (10), having a line of opening (28) formed in the transition region (26) of the disc between the bulged section (12) and flange section (14) are provided. The line of opening (28) is a stress-concentrating feature that, in conjunction with a stress-intensifying edge (68) located on an associated outlet ring (42), facilitates opening of the disc (10) when exposed to a predetermined pressure acting upon the concave face (20) of the bulged section (12).

Laser cutting on a plated steel sheet is executed by cutting the plated steel sheet by irradiating the plated steel sheet covered with a plate metal with laser light at a wavelength in a 1 micrometer band; and emitting assist gas onto a cut surface of the plated steel sheet, the cut surface being formed in the step of cutting, to make the plate metal fused by irradiation of the laser light flow to the cut surface so as to cover the cut surface with the plate metal.

Laser cutting on a plated steel sheet is executed by cutting the plated steel sheet by irradiating the plated steel sheet covered with a plate metal with laser light at a wavelength in a 1 micrometer band; and emitting assist gas onto a cut surface of the plated steel sheet, the cut surface being formed in the step of cutting, to make the plate metal fused by irradiation of the laser light flow to the cut surface so as to cover the cut surface with the plate metal.