A bonded functionally graded Material (FGM) structure, includes a plurality of dissimilar material layers, a first group and a second group of through holes alternately on a plurality of intermediate dissimilar material layers and on a bottom dissimilar material layer. The first group of through holes have a diameter larger than a diameter of the second group of through holes. The plurality of dissimilar material layers are stacked on top of one another. A first group of through holes on any dissimilar material layer is arranged corresponding to a second group of through holes on a dissimilar material layer stacked above, and a second group of through holes on any dissimilar material layer is arranged corresponding to a first group of through holes on a dissimilar material stacked right below. The plurality of dissimilar material layers are also bonded.

A method for producing a piston may include aligning at least two piston components along corresponding joining surfaces, activating a laser designed for deep-welding, and aligning a laser beam with a starting point. The method may then include increasing a power density of the laser beam over a first defined path along the joining surfaces to produce a weld seam with an increasing weld seam depth, deep welding along the joining surfaces to produce a deep weld seam with a substantially constant weld seam depth up to a defined end point, and reducing the power density over a second defined path to produce a weld seam with a decreasing weld seam depth. The method may further include overwelding at least part of at least one of the first and second defined paths by a laser designed for heat conduction welding to produce at least one heat conduction weld seam.

The present application provides a method of repairing a turbine blade. The method may include the steps of removing an existing tip cap from the turbine blade in whole or in part, machining the turbine blade to form a machined groove, positioning an insert in the machined groove, welding the insert to the turbine blade, and brazing the turbine blade.

A steel including, in mass %: 0.005 to 0.015% carbon; 0.05 to 0.35% silicon, 7.45 to 8.4% nickel; 1.00%> or less manganese; 0.025%> or less sulphur; 0.030%> or less phosphorous; 24.0 to 26.0% chromium; 0.50 to 1.00% copper; 3.0 to 4.0% C molybdenum; 0.002 to 0.010% niobium; 0.75% or less cobalt; 0.015% or less aluminium; 0.20 to 0.30% nitrogen; 0.50 to 0.85%) tungsten; the balance being iron and incidental impurities.

A method for bonding of a first solid substrate to a second solid substrate which contains a first material with the following steps, especially the following sequence: formation or application of a function layer which contains a second material to the second solid substrate, making contact of the first solid substrate with the second solid substrate on the function layer, pressing together the solid substrates for forming a permanent bond between the first and second solid substrate, at least partially reinforced by solid diffusion and/or phase transformation of the first material with the second material, an increase of volume on the function layer being caused.

A method is disclosed for joining two components (1, 2), a first component (1) and a second component (2), in the region of a joint zone by means of at least one laser beam. In a first phase, the first component (1) is melted, and a melt lens is formed in the first component (1) from the molten material (9). In a second phase, at least one pressure pulse is applied to the melt in the direction of the second component (2) until the melt lens is deflected into the joint gap as a result of the pressure pulse, bridges the joint gap, and comes into contact with the second component (2), and energy is transmitted to the second component (2) as a result of the melt lens coming into contact with the second component. A temperature curve results in the second component (2) as a result of the energy transmission such that the melting temperature is reached on the upper face of the second component (2), and a melt film is formed. The heat penetration depth is set such that a damaging temperature which damages the second component (2) is not exceeded at a specified depth. A method for generating a continuous joint seam is also disclosed.

A suppressor having a body and a first connector half coupled to the body, wherein the first connector half includes a first component that includes at least one channel and a first surface; and wherein the body provides a second surface, wherein a gap between the first surface and the second surface defines at least one track; wherein the gun includes a second connector half comprising at least one protrusion, wherein the protrusion and channel have corresponding shapes that allow the protrusion to be inserted through the channel and into alignment with the track, wherein the first component may be rotated with respect to the protrusion and the body to bring the protrusion out of alignment with the channel so that the first and second surfaces clamp the protrusion to thereby secure the first connector half and second connector half with respect to each other.

The invention relates generally to welding and, more specifically, to welding wires for arc welding, such as Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) or Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW). A disclosed tubular welding wire has a sheath and a core, and the tubular welding wire includes an organic stabilizer component, a rare earth component, and a corrosion resistant component comprising one or more of: nickel, chromium, and copper.

A dual hardness steel article comprises a first air hardenable steel alloy having a first hardness metallurgically bonded to a second air hardenable steel alloy having a second hardness. A method of manufacturing a dual hard steel article comprises providing a first air hardenable steel alloy part comprising a first mating surface and having a first part hardness, and providing a second air hardenable steel alloy part comprising a second mating surface and having a second part hardness. The first air hardenable steel alloy part is metallurgically secured to the second air hardenable steel alloy part to form a metallurgically secured assembly, and the metallurgically secured assembly is hot rolled to provide a metallurgical bond between the first mating surface and the second mating surface.

A heat receiving block formed of carbon material having a through hole; a cooling tube formed of copper alloy fitted in the through hole of the heat receiving block; cylindrical material of interlayer disposed between the heat receiving block and the cooling tube; and brazing material layers inserted between the material of interlayer and the heat receiving block and between the material of interlayer and the cooling tube, also a slit which penetrates the heat receiving block and the material of interlayer over thickness of the heat receiving block and reaches the cooling tube on the back side of the heat receiving surface. It can provide heat receiving tile formed of carbon fiber composite material for high heat flux component such as a first wall of nuclear fusion reactor, which is produced by metallurgically joining carbon material with copper alloy and has higher cooling efficiency than conventional heat receiving tiles.