In a refrigerant circuit component or valve device, the present invention projection-welds a connector to a cap member and prevents intrusion of spatter into a refrigerant circuit. A-cylinder section in which an inside hole of the connector is open is inserted in an inside hole formed in the center of the cap member. The area between the A-cylinder section and a projection of the connector is used as a spatter generation space. The projection of the connector abuts against the cap member and is projection-welded to form a welded part. The open end of the inside hole of the A-cylinder section is crimped to pressure-join the open end to the open end of the inside hole of the cap member. Spatter is sealed inside the spatter generation space. A portion of the surface layer to which the generated spatter adheres may be removed by machining to provide a spatter-removed structure.

A method of assembling a first part made from a metal and a second part includes providing a first part comprising an assembly surface, and a second part comprising at least one through orifice. At least part of the second part is arranged on the assembly surface such that the orifice extends across from the assembly surface. A metal connecting part is positioned on the orifice to cover the orifice across from the assembly surface. The connecting part and/or the assembly surface are projected on one another to obtain high-speed plating and welding between the connecting part and the surface part.

A joining method for joining a first member and a second member is provided. The joining method includes a step of providing a first brazing layer on the first member by plating, a step of providing a second brazing layer on the first brazing layer by plating, a step of arranging the first member and the second member to oppose each other across the first brazing layer and the second brazing layer, and a step of melting the first brazing layer and the second brazing layer to join the first member and the second member which are arranged to oppose each other.

Additive friction stir methods for joining materials are provided. The methods comprise providing first and second substrates to be joined; providing a forming plate comprising one or more forming cavities; placing the first and second substrates in communication with the forming plate; placing the first and second substrates in communication with each other; rotating and translating an additive friction-stir tool relative to the substrates; feeding a filler material through the additive friction-stir tool; deforming the filler material and the first and second substrates; and extruding one or more of the filler material and the first and second substrates into one or more of the forming cavities of the forming plate. Interaction of the additive friction-stir tool with the substrates generates heat and plastic deformation at the joint to weld the substrates at the joint. The methods include introduction of reinforcing material at the joint through addition of the filler material.

A refrigerant pipe constituting a refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration apparatus, includes: a pipe body made of stainless steel; and a first connecting tube made of copper or a copper alloy and that is configured to connect a first different refrigerant pipe to the refrigerant pipe. The first connecting tube is connected to an outer circumferential surface of a first end of the pipe body in a pipe axis direction of the pipe body. The first connecting tube overlaps with the pipe body in a pipe diameter direction in an entirety of the first connecting tube in the pipe axis direction.

A laser machining method is a laser machining method for joining a first member containing a first metal and a second member containing a second metal different from the first metal, the method including a first step of forming a joint in which the first metal and the second metal are melted by performing scanning with a first laser beam, and a second step of stirring a metal structure near the joint by performing scanning, on a rear side in a scanning direction of the first laser beam, with a second laser beam having a beam diameter larger than a bean diameter of the first laser beam and having a lower power density than a power density of the first laser beam.

The present invention provides a fluid-related function device capable of suppressing deformation of a connection member and a case part which may adversely be generated by expansion of fluid stored in a space in which spatters at the time of resistance-welding are trapped. A pressure switch includes a space in which spatters generated at the time of projection-welding are trapped. The space is provided between a joint and a cap member. A communication passage brings inside and outside of the space into communication with each other. The communication passages is formed such that it permits fluid to pass through the communication passages and restrains spatters from passing through the communication passages.

A method for welding dissimilar metals is provided. A first metal workpiece and a second metal workpiece having different physical characteristics are provided. A surface of the first metal workpiece and a surface of the second metal workpiece are abutted to form a pre joint surface between the first metal workpiece and the second metal workpiece. The first metal workpiece and the second metal workpiece are welded with a welding apparatus moving substantially along an axis, wherein the axis is offset from the pre-joint surface and proximal to the first metal workpiece than to the second metal workpiece.

A high-heat-load vacuum device and method for manufacturing the same are provided. The high-heat-load vacuum device includes a high-heat-load component and a vacuum component connected to the high-heat-load component. A material of the vacuum component and a material of the high-heat-load component comprise CuCrZr alloy.

A novel copper and steel composite pipe, a manufacturing method, application and a welded structure body is described herein. The novel copper and steel composite pipe includes a copper pipe and a steel pipe. The steel pipe includes a first end, a second end and a middle part. The copper pipe includes a first end and a second end. The length of the copper pipe is less than that of the steel pipe. The copper pipe and the steel pipe are sleeved. The distance from an end surface of the first end of the copper pipe to an end surface of the first end of the steel pipe is less than 10 mm. The second end of the copper pipe is positioned at the middle part of the steel pipe, and the copper pipe and the steel pipe are welded and connected in a way of melting base materials.