The problem of penetrating through nets and other objects is solved by cutting the object using various cutter systems, which include, for example a track and a moving carriage containing a cutter, a stationary carriage with a fixed or rotating arm, and/or abrasive cutters. The object is cut by a severing, slicing, or wearing action caused by a moveable blade or abrasive surface. An underwater vehicle incorporating an embodiment of the cutter system can cut a sufficiently large opening in the object to allow the vehicle to pass through.

A method of shaping a laminated glass structure includes providing the laminated glass structure comprising a flexible glass sheet having a thickness of no greater than about 0.3 mm laminated to a non-glass substrate by an adhesive layer. The flexible glass structure and adhesive layer are ground using a first tool to remove glass material. The non-glass substrate is cut with a second tool different from the first tool through a kerf formed through the flexible glass structure thereby forming a shaped laminated glass structure. A glass edge strength of a cut edge of the shaped laminated glass structure is at least about 20 MPa.

Disclosed herein is a cutting apparatus including a moving unit for moving a spindle to position a cutting blade, a rotary dressing mechanism for rotating a dressing grindstone on a rotational shaft parallel to the spindle, and an optical sensor for detecting the position of the outer periphery of the dressing grindstone. The cutting blade is positioned with respect to the rotary dressing mechanism depending on the position, detected by the optical sensor, of the outer periphery of the dressing grindstone, and the cutting blade is dressed by cutting into the dressing grindstone by a predetermined cutting distance.

This groove shape measurement method has a coordinate data acquisition step of acquiring a plurality of pieces of three-dimensional coordinate data (three-dimensional coordinate data set (60)) indicating a shape of a machined groove (9) formed in a machining target object (workpiece (W)) in a machining feed direction (X direction) by a machining device (dicing device (10)) (Step S1), a projection data generation step of generating two-dimensional projection data (62) of the machined groove (9) by projecting the three-dimensional coordinate data onto a two-dimensional plane (two-dimensional plane (61)) perpendicular to the machining feed direction (Step S2), and a cross-sectional profile calculation step of calculating a cross-sectional profile (64) of the machined groove (9) on the basis of the two-dimensional projection data (62) (Step S3).