A method for surface treatment of a workpiece made from a hard-brittle material comprises first blasting employing abrasive grains of higher hardness than a hardness of a base material of the workpiece for forming a three dimensional recess-protrusion profile having protrusions and recesses formed between the protrusions on a surface of the workpiece; and second blasting employing an elastic abrasive having a structure in which abrasive grains carried in and/or on an elastic body made from material with low rebound elasticity for polishing the surface of the workpiece formed with the recess-protrusion profile so as to achieve an arithmetic average roughness Ra of not greater than 1.6 μm on the surface of the protrusions and the recesses on the workpiece while maintaining the recess-protrusion profile formed by the first blasting.

Methodology for reclaiming metal from insulated and/or shielded and/or jacketed power cables present on supporting conveyor belts, by waterjetting using stationary and/or spinning nozzles.

Disclosed is a method of treating the surface of a quartz member. The method can remove a masking material generated by a chemical reaction between the quartz member and an etching solution, thereby completely removing scratches on the surface of the quartz member without interrupting the treatment process unlike existing technologies. The method also embosses the surface of the quartz member, thereby increasing the frictional resistance and surface roughness of the surface of the quartz member depending on the shape or density of protrusions on the surface. In addition, the method prevents deposits on the surface of the quartz member from peeling off.

A method of removing a conformal coating from a circuit board coated with said conformal coating, the method comprising: subjecting the circuit board to a jet comprising dry-ice ejected from a nozzle, to remove said conformal coating from said circuit board.

A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a base steel sheet including, as a chemical composition, by mass %, C: 0.010% or less, Si: 2.50% to 4.00%, Mn: 0.050% to 1.000%, S+Se: 0.005% or less in total, Sol. Al: 0.005% or less, N: 0.005% or less, Bi+Te+Pb: 0% to 0.0300% in total, Sb: 0% to 0.50%, Sn: 0% to 0.50%, Cr: 0% to 0.50%, Cu: 0% to 1.0%, and a remainder of Fe and impurities; and a tension-applying insulation coating provided on a surface of the base steel sheet, in which, on the surface of the base steel sheet, an arithmetic average roughness Ra along a rolling 90 direction that is a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction is 0.60 m or less, and when a cross section of the base steel sheet is observed along the rolling 90 direction, recessed parts having a depth of 0.1 m or more and 2.0 m or less are present on the surface of the base steel sheet in 1.0/100 m or more and 6.0/100 m or less.

Provided is a method for manufacturing a magnetostrictive torque sensor shaft mounting a sensor portion of a magnetostrictive torque sensor. The method includes conducting heat treatment on a shaft material including chrome steel or chrome-molybdenum steel by carburizing, quenching and tempering, and conducting shot peening on the shaft material after the heat treatment at least on a position where the sensor portion is to be mounted. The shot peening is conducted by firing shot with a particle size of not less than 0.6 mm and a Rockwell hardness of not less than 60 at a jet pressure of not less than 0.4 MPa for a jet exposure time of not less than 2 minutes.

Embodiments of methods and apparatus for cleaning contaminants from a substrate are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a substrate cleaning apparatus includes: a substrate support to support a substrate along an edge of the substrate, wherein the substrate further includes a first side and an opposing second side having contaminants disposed on the second side; a showerhead disposed a first distance of about 1.5 mm to about 4.4 mm opposite the substrate support and facing the first side of the substrate; and one or more nozzles disposed a second distance of about 1 inch to about 2 inches beneath the substrate support to discharge a mixture of solid and gaseous carbon dioxide toward the contaminants on the second side of the substrate, and wherein the one or more nozzles have an angle of about 20 to about 40 degrees.

A cutting insert for cutting, milling or drilling of metal includes a body having an elongate recess extending along at least a portion of the body, a first layer covering interior side walls of the recess, and a sensor arrangement. The body includes a substrate. The sensor arrangement includes sa lead extending along the recess. The lead includes electrically conductive material, which is arranged in the recess such that the first layer is located between the electrically conductive material and the substrate. For at least a depth below which at least a portion of the electrically conductive material is arranged in the recess, a width of the recess measured at that depth between portions of the first layer covering opposite interior side walls of the recess is less than or equal to 80 micrometers.

The present invention is embodied in a carbon dioxide compression and delivery device that uses a plurality of reversible thermoelectric devices and to a method to operate such carbon dioxide compression and delivery device.

A method of compacting an anti-corrosive paint comprising metal particles and covering a mechanical part such as a turbine engine part, the method comprising a step of at least one spraying of solid ice particles on the part so as to densify and to make the paint electrically conductive.