Disclosed herein are compositions and methods of treating osteroporosis, bone fracture, bone loss, and increasing bone density by administration of compounds of formula (I)

##STR00001##

or compositions comprising a compound of formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.4, R.sup.1, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and s are as defined in the specification.

Disclosed are cement products, methods of forming cement using the cement product, and methods of using the cement product in orthopedic and dental applications. Generally, the disclosed cement product includes a first component and a second component. The first component comprises a polymerizable resin comprising ethylenic unsaturated double bond, a suitable glycidyl group and/or a suitable isocyanate group. The second component includes a compound comprising more than one type of amine selected from the group consisting of primary amine, secondary amines, tertiary amines and quaternary amines. Alternatively, the second component includes a compound comprising a suitable mercapto (SH—) group, a hindered amine or a dimethylthiotoluenediamine (DMTDA). Optionally, the cement product includes a filler and/or a bioactive component to promote bone formation.

Disclosed are cement products, methods of forming cement using the cement product, and methods of using the cement product in orthopedic and dental applications. Generally, the disclosed cement product includes a first component and a second component. The first component comprises a polymerizable resin comprising ethylenic unsaturated double bond, a suitable glycidyl group and/or a suitable isocyanate group. The second component includes a compound comprising more than one type of amine selected from the group consisting of primary amine, secondary amines, tertiary amines and quaternary amines. Alternatively, the second component includes a compound comprising a suitable mercapto (SH—) group, a hindered amine or a dimethylthiotoluenediamine (DMTDA). Optionally, the cement product includes a filler and/or a bioactive component to promote bone formation.

A hemostatic composition comprises a powder of a plurality of hollow or highly-porous microparticles that exhibit hemostatic properties, wherein each of the microparticles comprise a body comprising a clay material that is a crystalline hydrated form of a layered silicate.

A hemostatic composition comprises a powder of a plurality of hollow or highly-porous microparticles that exhibit hemostatic properties, wherein each of the microparticles comprise a body comprising a clay material that is a crystalline hydrated form of a layered silicate.

A sealant is provided for sealing a puncture through tissue that includes an elongate first section including a proximal end, a distal end, and a cross-section sized for delivery into a puncture through tissue, and a second section fused to and extending from the distal end of the first section. The first section may be formed from a freeze-dried hydrogel that expands when exposed to physiological fluid within a puncture. The second section may be formed from a solid mass of non-freeze-dried, non-crosslinked hydrogel precursors, the precursors remaining in an unreactive state until exposed to an aqueous physiological, whereupon the precursors undergo in-situ crosslinking with one another to provide an adhesive layer bonded to the first section. Apparatus and methods for delivering the sealant into a puncture through tissue are also provided.

A sealant is provided for sealing a puncture through tissue that includes an elongate first section including a proximal end, a distal end, and a cross-section sized for delivery into a puncture through tissue, and a second section fused to and extending from the distal end of the first section. The first section may be formed from a freeze-dried hydrogel that expands when exposed to physiological fluid within a puncture. The second section may be formed from a solid mass of non-freeze-dried, non-crosslinked hydrogel precursors, the precursors remaining in an unreactive state until exposed to an aqueous physiological, whereupon the precursors undergo in-situ crosslinking with one another to provide an adhesive layer bonded to the first section. Apparatus and methods for delivering the sealant into a puncture through tissue are also provided.

Disclosed is absorbable bone wax and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of: 1) mixing polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block copolymer (PEG-PPG-PEG) and polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene random copolymer (PEG-PPG), and stirring evenly under heating to obtain a liquid mixture; 2) under mechanical stirring and heating condition, adding hemostatic starch microspheres to the liquid mixture obtained in step 1) to obtain a uniformly-mixed liquid; and 3) adding a bone repair material to the uniformly-mixed liquid obtained in step 2), and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, then pouring the mixed solution into a mold or sub-packaged bottle, and leaving at room temperature for solidifying and shaping to give the absorbable bone wax. The absorbable bone wax of the present invention can achieve the effect of rapid hemostasis, changing the relatively single hemostasis method with traditional bone wax which only depends on physical sealing.

Disclosed is absorbable bone wax and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of: 1) mixing polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block copolymer (PEG-PPG-PEG) and polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene random copolymer (PEG-PPG), and stirring evenly under heating to obtain a liquid mixture; 2) under mechanical stirring and heating condition, adding hemostatic starch microspheres to the liquid mixture obtained in step 1) to obtain a uniformly-mixed liquid; and 3) adding a bone repair material to the uniformly-mixed liquid obtained in step 2), and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, then pouring the mixed solution into a mold or sub-packaged bottle, and leaving at room temperature for solidifying and shaping to give the absorbable bone wax. The absorbable bone wax of the present invention can achieve the effect of rapid hemostasis, changing the relatively single hemostasis method with traditional bone wax which only depends on physical sealing.

The present disclosure pertains to crosslinkable compositions and systems as well as methods for forming crosslinked compositions in situ, including the use of the same for embolizing vasculature including the neurovasculature within a patient, among many other uses.