An implantable medical device, such as an intervertebral spacer, may comprise a polymeric component and a metallic component. The metallic component can contain both porous metal and substantially-solid metal. The polymeric material can contain particles of an osseointegrative material. The metallic component can be more protruding toward bone than the polymeric component while having a smaller dimension of roughness than the polymeric component. In embodiments, the pin may press-fit against substantially solid metal. The porous metal may surround solid metal which in turn may surround the pin. The pin may have a press-fit with metal and a looser fit with polymeric component, if the metal components and polymeric components are trapped. A pin may connect superior and inferior metal components by a press-fit. The central opening may be exposed to porous metal and also to substantially-solid metal and to polymer. Specific geometries of implants are disclosed.

An implantable medical device, such as an intervertebral spacer, may comprise a polymeric component and a metallic component. The metallic component can contain both porous metal and substantially-solid metal. The polymeric material can contain particles of an osseointegrative material. The metallic component can be more protruding toward bone than the polymeric component while having a smaller dimension of roughness than the polymeric component. In embodiments, the pin may press-fit against substantially solid metal. The porous metal may surround solid metal which in turn may surround the pin. The pin may have a press-fit with metal and a looser fit with polymeric component, if the metal components and polymeric components are trapped. A pin may connect superior and inferior metal components by a press-fit. The central opening may be exposed to porous metal and also to substantially-solid metal and to polymer. Specific geometries of implants are disclosed.

In one aspect, the invention provides compounds of Formula I Formula Ia, Formula Ib, Formula Ic, and Formula Id and salts, hydrates and isomers thereof. In another aspect, the invention provides a method of promoting bone formation in a subject in need thereof by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, Formula Ia, Formula Ib, Formula Ic, or Formula Id. The present invention also provides orthopedic and periodontal devices, as well as methods for the treatment of renal disease, diabetes bone loss, and cancer, using a compound of Formula I, Formula Ia, Formula Ib, Formula Ic, or Formula Id.

##STR00001##

In one aspect, the invention provides compounds of Formula I Formula Ia, Formula Ib, Formula Ic, and Formula Id and salts, hydrates and isomers thereof. In another aspect, the invention provides a method of promoting bone formation in a subject in need thereof by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, Formula Ia, Formula Ib, Formula Ic, or Formula Id. The present invention also provides orthopedic and periodontal devices, as well as methods for the treatment of renal disease, diabetes bone loss, and cancer, using a compound of Formula I, Formula Ia, Formula Ib, Formula Ic, or Formula Id.

##STR00001##

Sheet structures for regenerating damaged or diseased mammalian tissue that are formed from acellular dermal mammalian tissue. The acellular dermal mammalian tissue includes extracellular matrix (ECM) and a supplemental bioactive component. The supplemental bioactive component can comprise a nucleic acid, such as RNA, and/or a cell, such as an embryonic stem cell. The sheet structures induce angiogenesis and, thereby, regeneration of new mammalian tissue.

Sheet structures for regenerating damaged or diseased mammalian tissue that are formed from acellular dermal mammalian tissue. The acellular dermal mammalian tissue includes extracellular matrix (ECM) and a supplemental bioactive component. The supplemental bioactive component can comprise a nucleic acid, such as RNA, and/or a cell, such as an embryonic stem cell. The sheet structures induce angiogenesis and, thereby, regeneration of new mammalian tissue.

The present invention provides a preparation method of a material for a puncture-resistant artificial blood vessel. The artificial blood vessel prepared by the method comprises two layers: the dense outer layer and the electrospun inner layer, the structures of these two layers are combined tightly and are inseparable, so that the properties of blood oozing resistance and repeated puncture resistance required by the artificial blood vessel can be provided. The puncture-resistant artificial blood vessel provided by the present invention has excellent biocompatibility, blood compatibility and flexibility and has the functions of blood oozing resistance and repeated puncture resistance. The method provided by the present invention has the characteristics such as convenience in operation, simplicity in production process and liability to the realization of large scale.

Disclosed herein are MXene-aromatic thermosetting copolyester nanocomposites. In one aspect, the nanocomposites can be used to fabricate and/or coat artificial bone implants. In another aspect, the nanocomposites are biocompatible and/or nontoxic. Implants and coatings formed from the nanocomposites possess excellent compressive strength, hardness, and wear resistance in synovial fluid when compared to current implant coatings and materials.

Disclosed herein are MXene-aromatic thermosetting copolyester nanocomposites. In one aspect, the nanocomposites can be used to fabricate and/or coat artificial bone implants. In another aspect, the nanocomposites are biocompatible and/or nontoxic. Implants and coatings formed from the nanocomposites possess excellent compressive strength, hardness, and wear resistance in synovial fluid when compared to current implant coatings and materials.

The invention provides a method to prepare a graft comprising a recellularized extracellular matrix of a mammalian liver, liver lobe or portion thereof, and a method of using the recellularized extracellular matrix of a mammalian liver, liver lobe or portion thereof.