Provided herein is a hierarchical superhydrophobic surface comprising an array of first geometrical features disposed on a substrate comprising a first material and a terminal level disposed on the second features, wherein the terminal level comprises a second material, the second material being different from the first material. The second material has a hydrophilicity different from the hydrophilicity of at least one of 1) the hydrophilicity of the second material and 2) hydrophilicity induced by the hierarchical structure. The present disclosure further includes methods of preparing hierarchical superhydrophobic surfaces and medical devices comprising the hierarchical superhydrophobic surfaces.

A medical implant includes a first implant body and a pre-coating covering at least a portion of an outer surface of the first implant body. The pre-coating has a negative Poisson's ratio. A method of making a medical implant includes applying a precursor material on a surface of a first implant body, the first implant body having a positive Poisson's ratio. A stimulus is applied to the precursor material, the stimulus causing the precursor material to form a coating having a negative Poisson's ratio

A medical implant includes a first implant body and a pre-coating covering at least a portion of an outer surface of the first implant body. The pre-coating has a negative Poisson's ratio. A method of making a medical implant includes applying a precursor material on a surface of a first implant body, the first implant body having a positive Poisson's ratio. A stimulus is applied to the precursor material, the stimulus causing the precursor material to form a coating having a negative Poisson's ratio

Particles made of a viscoelastic medium, are injectable gel particles, and have a size, when subjected to a physiological salt solution, in the range of from 1 to 5 mm. The particles are useful in a soft tissue augmentation implant. The implant includes particles of a viscoelastic medium, wherein a major volume of the particles are injectable gel particles The implant is useful in a method of soft tissue augmentation in a mammal, including man, comprising subepidermal administration at a site in said mammal where soft tissue augmentation is desirable, of an implant.

Particles made of a viscoelastic medium, are injectable gel particles, and have a size, when subjected to a physiological salt solution, in the range of from 1 to 5 mm. The particles are useful in a soft tissue augmentation implant. The implant includes particles of a viscoelastic medium, wherein a major volume of the particles are injectable gel particles The implant is useful in a method of soft tissue augmentation in a mammal, including man, comprising subepidermal administration at a site in said mammal where soft tissue augmentation is desirable, of an implant.

An implantable, autonomously growing medical device is disclosed. The device may have an outer, braided outer element that holds an inner core. Degradation and/or softening of the inner core permits the outer element to elongate, allowing the device to grow with surrounding tissue. The growth profile of the medical device can be controlled by altering the shape/material/cure conditions of the inner core, as well as the geometry of the out element.

This document provides methods and materials involved in reducing venous neointimal hyperplasia (VNH) of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or graft. For example, methods and materials for using stem cells (e.g., mesenchymal stem cells), extracellular matrix material, or a combination of stem cells and extracellular matrix material to reduce VNH of AVFs or grafts are provided.

In the present disclosure, an artificial joint stem includes a base including one or more grooves disposed on a surface of the base, and a coating film containing a calcium phosphate-based material and an antimicrobial material disposed on a part of the surface of the base. When among the one or more grooves, the groove located in a region where the coating film is disposed is defined as a first groove, and the groove located in a region where the surface of the base is exposed is defined as a second groove, a total length of the first groove is smaller than a total length of the second groove.

An inducer is directed to the induction of in situ regeneration in regenerative medicine. The inducer including an extracellular matrix and/or a bone morphogenetic protein, can induce the regeneration of bone and soft tissues surrounding the bone such as muscle, blood vessel and skin at the residual tissues where trauma occurs. The amount of regenerated tissue is associated with the dose of the implanted inducer.

An inducer is directed to the induction of in situ regeneration in regenerative medicine. The inducer including an extracellular matrix and/or a bone morphogenetic protein, can induce the regeneration of bone and soft tissues surrounding the bone such as muscle, blood vessel and skin at the residual tissues where trauma occurs. The amount of regenerated tissue is associated with the dose of the implanted inducer.