A robotic surgical system includes a surgical tool including a drive housing having first and second ends, a carriage movably mounted to the drive housing, and an elongate shaft extending from the carriage and penetrating the first end, the shaft having an end effector arranged at a distal end. An instrument driver is arranged at an end of a robotic arm and includes a body having proximal and distal ends and defining a central aperture extending between the proximal and distal ends, the shaft and the end effector penetrate the instrument driver by extending through the central aperture, an outer housing extending between the proximal and distal ends, a tool drive assembly provided at the proximal end and extending into the outer housing, and a drive motor operatively coupled to the tool drive assembly and operable to cause the tool drive assembly to rotate relative to the outer housing.

A robotic assembly associated with gripping an object may determine, using an angle sensor, a relative position of a first gripping arm in relation to a second gripping arm of a robotic assembly. The robotic assembly may separate, using an actuator, the first gripping arm and the second gripping arm of the robotic assembly. The robotic assembly may position the gripping arms around an object, so the first gripping arm and second gripping arm accommodate the object. The robotic assembly may then join the first gripping arm and the second gripping arm until the first roller, second roller, and third roller are in contact with the object. The robotic assembly may apply pressure to the object using a plurality of compression springs between the first gripping arm and second gripping arm allowing the robotic assembly to grip the object.

A robotic assembly associated with gripping an object may determine, using an angle sensor, a relative position of a first gripping arm in relation to a second gripping arm of a robotic assembly. The robotic assembly may separate, using an actuator, the first gripping arm and the second gripping arm of the robotic assembly. The robotic assembly may position the gripping arms around an object, so the first gripping arm and second gripping arm accommodate the object. The robotic assembly may then join the first gripping arm and the second gripping arm until the first roller, second roller, and third roller are in contact with the object. The robotic assembly may apply pressure to the object using a plurality of compression springs between the first gripping arm and second gripping arm allowing the robotic assembly to grip the object.

A substrate processing apparatus comprising a transport arm having serially connected arm links, at least one of the arm links having a predetermined arm link height, at least a first pulley and a second pulley, where the second pulley is fixed to an arm link of the serially connected arm links, and at least one torque transmission band extending longitudinally between and coupled to each of the first pulley and the second pulley, the at least one torque transmission band having a corresponding band height for the predetermined arm link height and a variable lateral thickness such that the at least one torque transmission band includes a segment of laterally increased cross section for the corresponding band height.

A substrate processing apparatus comprising a transport arm having serially connected arm links, at least one of the arm links having a predetermined arm link height, at least a first pulley and a second pulley, where the second pulley is fixed to an arm link of the serially connected arm links, and at least one torque transmission band extending longitudinally between and coupled to each of the first pulley and the second pulley, the at least one torque transmission band having a corresponding band height for the predetermined arm link height and a variable lateral thickness such that the at least one torque transmission band includes a segment of laterally increased cross section for the corresponding band height.

A flexible driver, a robot joint, a robot and an exoskeleton robot, the transmission mechanism including an active rotating member, a driven rotating member and a rope, which form a rope drive relationship; wherein, the rope is tightly wound around rotating surfaces of the active rotating member and the driven rotating member, and a rotational central axis of the active rotating member is perpendicular to a rotational central axis of the driven rotating member. An output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the active rotating member, to drive rotation of the active rotating member. The output mechanism includes a flexible driving part, and an output part which is used for connecting to an external actuator. The driven rotating member drives rotation of the output part through the flexible driving part. The flexible driver drives flexibly the actuator through a compact structure as well as reliable and high-efficient transmission.

A flexible driver, a robot joint, a robot and an exoskeleton robot, the transmission mechanism including an active rotating member, a driven rotating member and a rope, which form a rope drive relationship; wherein, the rope is tightly wound around rotating surfaces of the active rotating member and the driven rotating member, and a rotational central axis of the active rotating member is perpendicular to a rotational central axis of the driven rotating member. An output end of the driving mechanism is connected to the active rotating member, to drive rotation of the active rotating member. The output mechanism includes a flexible driving part, and an output part which is used for connecting to an external actuator. The driven rotating member drives rotation of the output part through the flexible driving part. The flexible driver drives flexibly the actuator through a compact structure as well as reliable and high-efficient transmission.

A substrate processing apparatus including a frame, a first SCARA arm connected to the frame, including an end effector, configured to extend and retract along a first radial axis; a second SCARA arm connected to the frame, including an end effector, configured to extend and retract along a second radial axis, the SCARA arms having a common shoulder axis of rotation; and a drive section coupled to the SCARA arms is configured to independently extend each SCARA arm along a respective radial axis and rotate each SCARA arm about the common shoulder axis of rotation where the first radial axis is angled relative to the second radial axis and the end effector of a respective arm is aligned with a respective radial axis, wherein each end effector is configured to hold at least one substrate and the end effectors are located on a common transfer plane.

A substrate processing apparatus including a frame, a first SCARA arm connected to the frame, including an end effector, configured to extend and retract along a first radial axis; a second SCARA arm connected to the frame, including an end effector, configured to extend and retract along a second radial axis, the SCARA arms having a common shoulder axis of rotation; and a drive section coupled to the SCARA arms is configured to independently extend each SCARA arm along a respective radial axis and rotate each SCARA arm about the common shoulder axis of rotation where the first radial axis is angled relative to the second radial axis and the end effector of a respective arm is aligned with a respective radial axis, wherein each end effector is configured to hold at least one substrate and the end effectors are located on a common transfer plane.

In an apparatus for adjustable counterbalance mechanism and a method for controlling the apparatus, the apparatus includes a reference surface, a link, an elastic member, a wire, an idle roller and a compensation torque. The link has a first end rotationally connected to the reference surface to form a rotational center, and a weight center of the link is spaced apart from the rotational center. The elastic member has a first end combined with the link. The wire has a first side combined with a second end of the elastic member, and a second side combined with the reference surface. The idle roller is combined with the link to support a portion between first and second ends of the wire. The compensation torque controller is equipped to the link, to control the position of the idle roller and an elastic force of the elastic member.