A method of making treated laminated veneer lumber (LVL) according to one example of the present disclosure includes obtaining assembled LVL. The assembled LVL comprises a plurality of layers of veneer wood assembled together with adhesive. The LVL is loaded into a pressure chamber. A vacuum is created in the pressure chamber thereby removing air from the plurality of layers of veneer wood of the LVL. Inorganic solution is added into the pressure chamber. The pressure chamber is pressurized to force the inorganic solution into the wood creating the treated LVL.

A method of making treated laminated veneer lumber (LVL) according to one example of the present disclosure includes obtaining assembled LVL. The assembled LVL comprises a plurality of layers of veneer wood assembled together with adhesive. The LVL is loaded into a pressure chamber. A vacuum is created in the pressure chamber thereby removing air from the plurality of layers of veneer wood of the LVL. Inorganic solution is added into the pressure chamber. The pressure chamber is pressurized to force the inorganic solution into the wood creating the treated LVL.

The invention relates to an agent, in particular a flame retarding agent and/or a fire retarding agent, for reducing the combustibility and flammability of various materials or matters, e.g. like wood and wood products, textiles, paper, cardboard, fibers and fabrics, paints, including composites and/or composite materials therewith, the manufacture of the composition and methods of using the agent and/or the corresponding combination of its constituents to reduce combustibility and flammability. An exemplary composition in dry form (powder) for 1 l of aqueous solvent, in particular for 1 l of water, contains borax in an amount of 30 to 70 wt.-%, boric acid of 30 to 70 wt.-%, sodium chloride (NaCl) in a maximum amount of less than 5 wt.-%, and, if desired, urea in an amount up to 5 g; based in each case on the composition as 100 wt.-%. However, the compositions are preferably free from urea.

The invention relates to an agent, in particular a flame retarding agent and/or a fire retarding agent, for reducing the combustibility and flammability of various materials or matters, e.g. like wood and wood products, textiles, paper, cardboard, fibers and fabrics, paints, including composites and/or composite materials therewith, the manufacture of the composition and methods of using the agent and/or the corresponding combination of its constituents to reduce combustibility and flammability. An exemplary composition in dry form (powder) for 1 l of aqueous solvent, in particular for 1 l of water, contains borax in an amount of 30 to 70 wt.-%, boric acid of 30 to 70 wt.-%, sodium chloride (NaCl) in a maximum amount of less than 5 wt.-%, and, if desired, urea in an amount up to 5 g; based in each case on the composition as 100 wt.-%. However, the compositions are preferably free from urea.

The invention relates to an aqueous binder composition comprising a carbohydrate component, possibly a crosslinker and possibly reaction product of carbohydrate component with crosslinker, further comprising a phenalkamine. The invention further discloses binders obtained therefrom and composite products manufactured therewith.

The invention relates to an aqueous binder composition comprising a carbohydrate component, possibly a crosslinker and possibly reaction product of carbohydrate component with crosslinker, further comprising a phenalkamine. The invention further discloses binders obtained therefrom and composite products manufactured therewith.

Methods for treating cellulosic materials comprising introducing a liquid treating composition into the cellulosic material, the treating composition comprising a solution prepared from at least: (i) one or more of a copper amine complex or copper ammine complex, such as copper tetraamine carbonate, (ii) one or more of ammonia or a water-soluble amine and (iii) water; and exposing the cellulosic material provided thereby to carbon dioxide and/or carbonic acid to provide treated cellulosic material, and treated cellulosic materials prepared thereby.

Methods for treating cellulosic materials comprising introducing a liquid treating composition into the cellulosic material, the treating composition comprising a solution prepared from at least: (i) one or more of a copper amine complex or copper ammine complex, such as copper tetraamine carbonate, (ii) one or more of ammonia or a water-soluble amine and (iii) water; and exposing the cellulosic material provided thereby to carbon dioxide and/or carbonic acid to provide treated cellulosic material, and treated cellulosic materials prepared thereby.

A non-flammable composition is formulated to include ceramic powder, graphite, mica and ZrO.sub.2. The non-flammable composition is capable of being applied to an external surface of an item, or may be incorporated into the substrate material used to form an item prior to the item's manufacture. The non-flammable composition provides both fire-resistance and fire-retardant properties to the items that are treated thereby.

A non-flammable composition is formulated to include ceramic powder, graphite, mica and ZrO.sub.2. The non-flammable composition is capable of being applied to an external surface of an item, or may be incorporated into the substrate material used to form an item prior to the item's manufacture. The non-flammable composition provides both fire-resistance and fire-retardant properties to the items that are treated thereby.