The invention relates to a process for producing a component (1) from a curable material, a new layer (2) of the material being printed in periodically recurring steps in a 3D printing process onto a layer (3) located thereunder so as to have lower reinforcing elements (4) which protrude above the top of this new layer (2), and also relates to a component produced by a corresponding process. Known processes and components do not allow reinforcement over a large surface area.

The object of designing a process in such a way that the reinforcement thereof withstands high loads is achieved by providing that, after each layer (3) has been printed, upper reinforcing elements (5) are connected to the lower reinforcing elements (4) so as to extend said lower reinforcing elements and so as to form the lower reinforcing elements of the subsequent layer. A corresponding component is the subject of claim 11.

The present description relates to methods of producing a wet-cast slag-based concrete product particularly where the wet-cast slag-based concrete product is cast, pre-conditioned and cured with carbon dioxide inside a mould and/or inside a mould placed in a curing chamber. The wet-cast slag-based concrete product is optionally reinforced.

The present description relates to a method of producing a wet-cast slag-based concrete product particularly where the wet-cast slag-based concrete product is partially or completely set inside a mould, pre-conditioned outside of the mould and then cured with carbon dioxide in a curing chamber. The wet-cast slag-based concrete product is optionally reinforced.

A method of curing a concrete product having a cavity is described and includes positioning the concrete product on a base, sealing an opening to the cavity using a cover plate, introducing carbon dioxide (CO2) gas into the cavity to execute carbonation of the concrete product, and, in response to the concrete product attaining a target specification, unsealing the opening. A system for curing a precast concrete product is also described.

The invention relates to formwork for producing concrete tubbing (500) for a tunnel lining system, with a concrete tub to receive a volume of concrete required to produce the tubbing and, if necessary, to receive the intended reinforcement for the concrete tubbing (500), wherein the concrete tub has at least one base and walls (14, 15) on the base adapted to the mould, wherein at least one wall is arranged detachably from the base and can be pivoted relative to the base between a closed position and an opened position. According to the invention, the formwork has at least one drive system for pivoting the at least one wall between the open and the closed position and for holding same in the relevant position, and the drive system has at least one actuator for pivoting the at least one wall between the open and the closed position.

Some implementations herein described improvements to concrete products and processes for producing concrete products that may provide a positive environmental impact and that can be stronger relative to the percent of cement used. Particular examples include improvements to zero-slump to near-zero-slump concrete mixture design, material storage and handling, batching, mixing, sequencing and curing processes, as well as forming and curing techniques.

A steam utilization system for producing a concrete pipe pile includes a steam conveying device, a steam curing pool, a plurality of reaction vessels, a steam generating device, a first steam distributor, a first pressure booster, a second pressure booster and a blowdown flash tank. A high-pressure steam inlet of the first steam distributor is communicated with the steam generating device, and a first steam inlet of the first pressure booster is communicated with a first high-pressure steam outlet of the first steam distributor. A second steam inlet of the first pressure booster is communicated with the steam conveying device, the steam outlet of the first booster is communicated with the steam inlet of each reaction vessel, a first steam inlet of a second pressure booster is communicated with the first steam distributor, a second steam inlet of the second pressure booster is communicated with the blowdown flash tank.

A multi-zone cementitious product, which includes a base zone made of a first cementitious material composition and forming a portion of the product. At least one facing zone is adjacent to and bonded to the base zone, the facing zone made of a second cementitious material composition and forming at least one exterior face of said product which is visible when the product is installed. A disrupted boundary layer is between the facing zone and the base zone, and includes material from both the facing zone and the base zone. The disrupted boundary layer bonds the facing zone to the base zone. The facing zone has a thickness sufficient to prevent the base zone from being visible when the product is installed.

A method of producing a carbonated composite material includes: providing a carbonatable cementitious material in particulate form; mixing the carbonatable cementitious material with water to produce a mix; forming a predetermined shape with the mix, wherein the predetermined shape has an initial pore structure containing an initial pore solution having a first pH; pre-conditioning the predetermined shape to remove a predetermined amount of the water from the predetermined shape to produce a pre-conditioned shape; carbonating the pre-conditioned shape in an environment comprising carbon dioxide to produce a modified pore structure containing a modified pore solution having and a second pH, wherein the difference between the first pH and the second pH is represented by a ΔpH, and the ΔpH is 1.0 or less.

The invention provides novel aerated composite materials made from a carbonatable calcium silicate composition, and formulations and methods of manufacture and use thereof, in particular, the use of novel additive mineral compositions in the form of magnesium, magnesium salts or magnesium oxides, to improve physical chemical properties of low density concrete materials. The low density, aerated material is comprised of calcium carbonate (CaCO.sub.3) and silica (SiO.sub.2), as cured products of carbonatable calcium silicate compositions.