A process for producing insulating foam, wherein certain especially small inorganic minerals such as silica fume are directly integrated into bubble fluid to better mechanically strengthen bubbles formed and thus allow the formation of smaller bubbles to be reformed. The manner of reforming the bubbles is progressive and actualized by a glass bead chamber, a second stage consisting of two screened discs, separated from each other and located at the end of the glass bead chamber, and a third stage chamber presenting itself with a considerably enlarged screen area and having considerably finer meshes than the second stage.

An apparatus for cooling a concrete mixture, including a mobile base, and an arm support assembly. The arm support assembly is pivotally attached to the mobile base, and wherein the arm support assembly is configured to fold against the mobile base for transport. An arm assembly, wherein the arm assembly is configured to move along the arm support assembly, and wherein the arm assembly is configured to fold against the arm support assembly for transport. A lance assembly, wherein the lance assembly is configured to be inserted into a cement mixer, wherein the lance assembly is configured to fold against the arm assembly for transport. A method for cooling a concrete mixture, including positioning the lance and cement truck to enter the opening of a cement truck. Inserting the lance into the cement truck and introducing liquid nitrogen into the concrete mixer and thereby mixing with the cement mixture.

An apparatus for cooling a concrete mixture, including a mobile base, and an arm support assembly. The arm support assembly is pivotally attached to the mobile base, and wherein the arm support assembly is configured to fold against the mobile base for transport. An arm assembly, wherein the arm assembly is configured to move along the arm support assembly, and wherein the arm assembly is configured to fold against the arm support assembly for transport. A lance assembly, wherein the lance assembly is configured to be inserted into a cement mixer, wherein the lance assembly is configured to fold against the arm assembly for transport. A method for cooling a concrete mixture, including positioning the lance and cement truck to enter the opening of a cement truck. Inserting the lance into the cement truck and introducing liquid nitrogen into the concrete mixer and thereby mixing with the cement mixture.

Disclosed is a composite gypsum board comprising a set gypsum core disposed between face (e.g., Manila) and back (e.g., Newsline) cover sheets. The set gypsum core is formed from a core slurry comprising stucco, water, and optional additives, such as foaming agent, migrating starch, accelerator, retarder, dispersant, etc. A dense layer formed from a dense layer slurry comprising stucco, water, fiber (e.g., paper fiber), and optionally, strength-enhancing starch, is disposed between the core and the face paper. The dense layer slurry contains a greater concentration of fiber, and optionally, strength-enhancing starch, than the core slurry, but the concentration of one or more other additives (e.g., accelerator, retarder, dispersant, or combinations thereof) is lower or the same in the dense slurry as compared with the core slurry. Also disclosed is a method of making board using one board mixer. In embodiments, paper fiber is added to water to form a suspension. The suspension is introduced, while in a non-laminar state, into the dense slurry. Further disclosed is apparatus, such as an extractor and an additive injection system, which can be a part of a cementitious slurry mixing and dispensing assembly.

Disclosed is a composite gypsum board comprising a set gypsum core disposed between face (e.g., Manila) and back (e.g., Newsline) cover sheets. The set gypsum core is formed from a core slurry comprising stucco, water, and optional additives, such as foaming agent, migrating starch, accelerator, retarder, dispersant, etc. A dense layer formed from a dense layer slurry comprising stucco, water, fiber (e.g., paper fiber), and optionally, strength-enhancing starch, is disposed between the core and the face paper. The dense layer slurry contains a greater concentration of fiber, and optionally, strength-enhancing starch, than the core slurry, but the concentration of one or more other additives (e.g., accelerator, retarder, dispersant, or combinations thereof) is lower or the same in the dense slurry as compared with the core slurry. Also disclosed is a method of making board using one board mixer. In embodiments, paper fiber is added to water to form a suspension. The suspension is introduced, while in a non-laminar state, into the dense slurry. Further disclosed is apparatus, such as an extractor and an additive injection system, which can be a part of a cementitious slurry mixing and dispensing assembly.

There is provided an apparatus (100) for manufacturing a cementitious slurry comprising foam, the apparatus (100) comprising: a mixing chamber (101) for mixing a cementitious material and water to form a cementitious slurry, a channel (103) fluidly connected to the mixing chamber (101) at a first end (111), the channel (103) for receiving the cementitious slurry from the mixing chamber (101), the channel (103) extending from the first end (111) and terminating at a second end (112); the channel (103) comprising a foam inlet (106) for introducing foam into the channel (103); wherein the channel (103) comprises a mixing cross section, the mixing cross section comprising a first dimension and a second dimension; the first dimension perpendicular to the second dimension; the first dimension being longer than the second dimension; wherein the foam inlet (106) is configured to introduce foam into the channel (103) in a direction generally parallel to the second dimension. A channel (103) for a cementitious slurry and a method are also provided.

There is provided an apparatus (100) for manufacturing a cementitious slurry comprising foam, the apparatus (100) comprising: a mixing chamber (101) for mixing a cementitious material and water to form a cementitious slurry, a channel (103) fluidly connected to the mixing chamber (101) at a first end (111), the channel (103) for receiving the cementitious slurry from the mixing chamber (101), the channel (103) extending from the first end (111) and terminating at a second end (112); the channel (103) comprising a foam inlet (106) for introducing foam into the channel (103); wherein the channel (103) comprises a mixing cross section, the mixing cross section comprising a first dimension and a second dimension; the first dimension perpendicular to the second dimension; the first dimension being longer than the second dimension; wherein the foam inlet (106) is configured to introduce foam into the channel (103) in a direction generally parallel to the second dimension. A channel (103) for a cementitious slurry and a method are also provided.

According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus (100) for manufacturing a cementitious slurry comprising foam, the apparatus comprising: a mixing chamber (101) for mixing a cementitious material and water to form a cementitious slurry, a channel (103) fluidly connected to the mixing chamber (101) at a first end (111), the channel (103) for receiving a cementitious slurry from the mixing chamber (101). In the apparatus (100), the channel (103) extends from the first end (111) and terminates at at least one second end (112). The channel (103) comprises a first foam inlet (106) for introducing foam into the channel (103). The channel (103) further comprises a second foam inlet for introducing foam into the channel (103). The first foam inlet (106) and the second foam inlet are offset along the length of the channel (103). A method using the apparatus (100) is also described.

According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus (100) for manufacturing a cementitious slurry comprising foam, the apparatus comprising: a mixing chamber (101) for mixing a cementitious material and water to form a cementitious slurry, a channel (103) fluidly connected to the mixing chamber (101) at a first end (111), the channel (103) for receiving a cementitious slurry from the mixing chamber (101). In the apparatus (100), the channel (103) extends from the first end (111) and terminates at at least one second end (112). The channel (103) comprises a first foam inlet (106) for introducing foam into the channel (103). The channel (103) further comprises a second foam inlet for introducing foam into the channel (103). The first foam inlet (106) and the second foam inlet are offset along the length of the channel (103). A method using the apparatus (100) is also described.

There is provided an apparatus (100) for manufacturing a cementitious slurry comprising foam, the apparatus (100) comprising: a mixing chamber (101) for mixing a cementitious material and water to form a cementitious slurry, a channel (103) fluidly connected to the mixing chamber (101) at a first end, the channel (103) for receiving the cementitious slurry from the mixing chamber (101), the channel (103) extending from the first end and terminating a second end; the channel (103) comprising a foam inlet (106) for introducing foam into the channel (103); wherein the portion of the channel (103) between the foam inlet (106) and the second end has a length from 400 mm to 1200 mm inclusive, wherein said foam inlet (106) is positioned such that the distance between said first end of said channel (103) and said foam inlet (106) is less than 25% of the distance between said first end of said channel (103) and said second end of said channel (103). A cementitious slurry channel (103) and a method of manufacturing a cementitious slurry are also provided.