The present invention is a unique process of manufacturing rigid members with precise “shape keeping” properties and with reflective properties pertaining to radio frequency energy, so that air, land, sea and space devices or vehicles may be constructed including parabolic reflectors formed without discrete permanent layering. Rather, such parabolic reflectors or similarly, vehicles, may be formed by homogeneous construction where discrete layering is absent, and where energy reflectivity or scattering characteristics are embedded within the homogeneous mixture of carbon nanotubes and associated graphite powders and epoxy, resins and hardeners. The mixture of carbon graphite nanofiber and carbon nanotubes generates higher electrode conductivity and magnetized attraction through molecular polarization. In effect, the rigid members may be tuned based on the application. The combination of these materials creates a unique matrix that is then set in a memory form at a specific temperature, and then applied to various materials through a series of multiple layers, resulting in unparalleled strength and durability.

The present invention is a unique process of manufacturing rigid members with precise “shape keeping” properties and with reflective properties pertaining to radio frequency energy, so that air, land, sea and space devices or vehicles may be constructed including parabolic reflectors formed without discrete permanent layering. Rather, such parabolic reflectors or similarly, vehicles, may be formed by homogeneous construction where discrete layering is absent, and where energy reflectivity or scattering characteristics are embedded within the homogeneous mixture of carbon nanotubes and associated graphite powders and epoxy, resins and hardeners. The mixture of carbon graphite nanofiber and carbon nanotubes generates higher electrode conductivity and magnetized attraction through molecular polarization. In effect, the rigid members may be tuned based on the application. The combination of these materials creates a unique matrix that is then set in a memory form at a specific temperature, and then applied to various materials through a series of multiple layers, resulting in unparalleled strength and durability.

A needle-shaped structure includes a needle-shaped projection and a support substrate supporting the projection wherein the projection contains at least a chitosan and an organic acid, places a low burden on a living body and is able to keep the microscopic form after puncture into the skin.

A needle-shaped structure includes a needle-shaped projection and a support substrate supporting the projection wherein the projection contains at least a chitosan and an organic acid, places a low burden on a living body and is able to keep the microscopic form after puncture into the skin.

The technical solution relates to the field of processing polymers and can be used in various branches of the national economy for manufacturing hollow articles of the bodies-of-revolution type (tubes), and in particular for manufacturing semifinished biodegradable polymeric stents which are usable in medicine for replacing hollow organs, for example blood vessels. The apparatus for manufacturing thin-walled bodies of revolution comprises a heatable expander which is mounted rotatably about a longitudinal axis, and a feeder for supplying mouldable material, said feeder being mounted above the expander so as to be movable therealong, wherein the lower part of the feeder is heatable, the expander is hollow with a reflective internal surface, and the heater of the expander is in the form of a laser, the radiation of which is transported into the expander. The use of the apparatus will make it possible to reduce the thermal action on a polymer when producing semi-finished articles with defined geometrical dimensions from polymeric materials.

The technical solution relates to the field of processing polymers and can be used in various branches of the national economy for manufacturing hollow articles of the bodies-of-revolution type (tubes), and in particular for manufacturing semifinished biodegradable polymeric stents which are usable in medicine for replacing hollow organs, for example blood vessels. The apparatus for manufacturing thin-walled bodies of revolution comprises a heatable expander which is mounted rotatably about a longitudinal axis, and a feeder for supplying mouldable material, said feeder being mounted above the expander so as to be movable therealong, wherein the lower part of the feeder is heatable, the expander is hollow with a reflective internal surface, and the heater of the expander is in the form of a laser, the radiation of which is transported into the expander. The use of the apparatus will make it possible to reduce the thermal action on a polymer when producing semi-finished articles with defined geometrical dimensions from polymeric materials.

A method of preparing a polymer film having an oriented dispersed material includes casting a multi-layer polymer solution having a first polymer solution layer and a second polymer solution layer where the second polymer solution layer is at least partially immiscible with the first polymer solution layer. The method further includes passing the multi-layer polymer solution through an electric field application zone, to thereby induce orientation of the dispersed material. A multi-layer polymer film can then be formed by drying the solvent from the multi-layer polymer solution. An apparatus for preparing polymer films includes a top electrode made from a flexible metal mesh coated with a non-stick, non-conductive coating.

Systems and methods provide for forming layered structures. Textured tapes may be fabricated, having cast and/or embossed patterns that provide for desired flow characteristics in an assembly of stacked, rolled, and/or otherwise assembled tapes. In some cases, shear thinning materials may be formed into textured tapes using localized shear stress to induce shear thinning during a pattern formation. A pattern may be maintained after removal of the shear force due to the high viscosity of the material at low shear stress.

Systems and methods provide for forming layered structures. Textured tapes may be fabricated, having cast and/or embossed patterns that provide for desired flow characteristics in an assembly of stacked, rolled, and/or otherwise assembled tapes. In some cases, shear thinning materials may be formed into textured tapes using localized shear stress to induce shear thinning during a pattern formation. A pattern may be maintained after removal of the shear force due to the high viscosity of the material at low shear stress.

A polyamide acid of the present invention contains, as a diamine component, 2,2-bistrifluoromethylbenzidine and trans-1,4-cyclohexanediamine, and contains, as a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride component, a pyromellitic acid anhydride and a 3,3,4,4-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride. A ratio of the trans-1,4-cyclohexanediamine to a total amount of the diamine is preferably 0.5-40 mol %. A polyimide is obtained by dehydration ring closure of the polyamide acid.