Methods and systems to treat Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) and/or central sleep apnea (CSA) include monitoring retrograde breathing and detecting respiratory events. Based on the occurrences of certain respiratory events, a target volume of rebreathing is adjusted to reduce arousals as well as CSR/CSA.

A breathing device, comprising a mouthpiece forming a breathing channel, to form a connection between a first end and a second end of the mouthpiece; the first end being configured for a user breathing into the mouthpiece through a breathing opening; an at least partly flexible rebreathing air chamber attached to the second end of the mouthpiece, thereby being in fluid connection with the breathing channel; the rebreathing air chamber being formed by at least partly flexible wall section(s), the at least partly flexible rebreathing chamber having at a first wall section, being permeable to gas by a plurality of pores provided in said wall section and/or the mouth piece comprising one or more though going openings.

The present invention provides methods and systems for a breathing system, comprising breathing apparatus having a rigid base structure having a top portion, a bottom portion, an internal surface, and an external surface, wherein the top portion contains an arcuate section for covering a user's nose and the bottom portion is wider than the top portion for covering a user's mouth, the base structure contains an outer edge. A facepiece is engaged to the outer edge of the base structure and surrounds the base structure. A side passageway is disposed on a side of the base structure and is surrounded by a rim on the external surface of the base structure that extends outwardly from the external surface. A hose attachment device is selectively secured to the rim. The system also includes a storage device, and an oxygen supply.

A patient transfer device is configured for use with at least one host device which is capable of providing respiratory support to a patient. The patient transfer device includes an inspiratory port and an expiratory port which are configured to pneumatically connect to the host. An inspiratory connection is pneumatically connected to the inspiratory port and an expiratory connection is pneumatically connected to the expiratory port. An inspiratory valve is coupled between the inspiratory port and the inspiratory connection and expiratory valve is coupled between the expiratory port and the expiratory connection. The inspiratory valve and the expiratory valve are operable between first configurations that permit flow there though and second configurations that occlude flow through the valves. The inspiratory valve and the expiratory valve are configured to operate in the second configuration when the patient transfer device is disconnected from the at least one host device.

Provided herein are methods of treatment, including methods of treating subjects having or at risk of having or having a viral infection, and specifically a SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. The methods provided include the administration of 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), reservatrol, fisetin, H.sub.2, nebulized hyaluronidase or combinations thereof. Also provided herein are a respiratory assistance device, methods of generating a customized respiratory assistance device, methods of treating a coronavirus infection, and methods of inhibiting a coronavirus infectivity, virulence and/or spread.

A method is provided for reducing the risk of sustaining a traumatic brain injury caused by a traumatic event that includes identifying a subject at risk of sustaining a traumatic brain injury, and then precisely increasing the partial pressure of carbon-dioxide (CO.sub.2) in the blood of the subject (pCO.sub.2). This method can be applied to raise the CO.sub.2 and pCO.sub.2 to improve orthostatic hypotension in conditions such as dysautonomias (like Positional Orthostatic Tachycardic Syndrome POTS) and to facilitate the drive to breathe in conditions like Central Sleep Apnea (CSA) and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). The pCO.sub.2 of the person is increased by placing a breathing apparatus over the mouth of the person through which the person must breath, wherein the breathing apparatus includes an enlarged dead space volume in which expired CO.sub.2 collects to be inhaled or re-breathed by the person on the next inhalation.

The invention relates to a method for anaesthetizing animals before slaughter, by the anesthetic action of gases or gas mixtures, operated in batch mode, in which the live animals, preferably put together in one or more cages, are placed in a lock chamber for treatment where the animals are brought into contact with anesthetic gas, following a cycle comprising several steps characterized by different contents of anesthetic gas, characterized in that at least one of the steps is carried out using gas recovered from the lock chamber and stored in at least one capacity (2, No. 1, No. 2 etc.) for temporary storage having a variable volume.

A system for controlling the delivery of medical gases includes a digital signal processor that receives at least one ventilation parameter value change, calculates a fresh oxygen flow rate, total fresh gas flow rate into the breathing circuit, and a reference oxygen flow rate representative of a predetermined oxygen concentration delivered to a patient. A graphical display presents the calculated fresh oxygen flow rate, total fresh gas flow rate, and reference oxygen flow rate. A method of controlling the delivery of medical gases to a patient includes calculating a total fresh gas flow rate into the breathing circuit, calculating a fresh oxygen flow rate into the breathing circuit, calculating a reference oxygen flow rate representative of a predetermined oxygen concentration delivered to the patient and presenting the total fresh gas flow rate, the fresh oxygen flow rate, and reference oxygen flow rate on a graphical display.

Systems and methods for controlling breathing of a patient to maintain specified levels of CO2 in arterial blood. In one exemplary embodiment a respiratory conduit is configured to be coupled at one end to a patient interface device that is, in turn, coupled to the patient's breathing airway. The respiratory conduit is configured at the opposing end to be coupled to a pressurized air generating device. A control device is positioned in the respiratory conduit between the patient interface device and the pressurized air generating device and includes one or more vent apertures that allow a predetermined amount of exhaled air from the patient to escape from the respiratory conduit while retaining a predetermined fraction of the exhaled air to reintroduce to the patient during the next inhale. In this manner the system provides for a predetermined percentage of CO2 to be rebreathed by the patient.

The invention relates to a medical device (1) for the closed-circuit administration of a gaseous mixture to be delivered to a spontaneously breathing patient, comprising a gas recycling system (4) disposed on a closed administration circuit (2). The recycling system (4) can comprise in particular an input for an exhaled gaseous mixture and an output for the gaseous mixture to be supplied to the patient, the orientation of which defines a direction of circulation (8) from the input to the output, as well as a zone (Z.sub.1) for treating the exhaled gaseous mixture (5) capable of retaining carbon dioxide, as well as at least one zone (Z.sub.3) for adjusting the composition of the gaseous mixture, in which zone the concentration of each gas forming the gaseous mixture is adjusted to a setpoint value.