High flow therapy is used to treat Cheyne-Stokes respiration and other types of periodic respiration disorders by periodic application of high flow therapy, adjustment of high flow therapy flow rates and/or periodic additions of CO2 or O2 into the air flow provided to the patient.

The invention is based, at least in part, on the discovery that inhaling air having an elevated carbon dioxide level or concentration leads to improvements in cognition in subjects experiencing cognitive dysfunction or decline associated with a variety of diseases, disorders, and conditions.

Aspects discussed herein relate to remixing devices that can be used to modify a gas mix being inhaled by a user. The device can accurately adjust inspired CO2 and/or 02 levels independently to a desired level. Aspects described herein generally improve the quality, efficiency, and speed of devices to provide breathing gas mixes. Medical conditions can be diagnosed and a therapeutically effective gas mix can be provided as treatment for diagnosed medical conditions.

A control system provides automated control of gas washout of a patient interface, such as a mask or nasal prongs. A gas washout vent assembly of the system may include a variable exhaust area such as one defined by overlapping apertures of the assembly or a conduit having a variable gas passage channel. The vent assembly may be formed by nested structures, such as conic or cylindrical members, each having an opening of the overlapping apertures. The vent assembly may be attached substantially near or included with the patient interface. An actuator of the assembly, such as a solenoid or voice coil, manipulates an aperture of the vent assembly. The actuator may be configured for control by a controller to change the exhaust area of the vent assembly based on various methodologies including, for example, sleep detection, disordered breathing event detection, rebreathing volume calculation and/or leak detection.

A method of delivering a substance, such as one or more of a triptan, a nasal steroid or carbon dioxide gas, to the nasal cavity of a subject, in particular for the treatment of headaches, for example, migraine, or rhinosinusitis, for example, chronic rhinosinusitis, optionally with polyps, the method comprising the steps of fitting a nosepiece to one nostril of the subject, delivering the substance through the nosepiece to the posterior region of the nasal cavity of the subject.

A device for providing respiratory support to a patient comprises a first gas flow path; a second gas flow path and a first gases port configured to receive gases from either of the first gas flow path and the second gas flow path. The device comprises a switching mechanism operable to switch flow to the first gases port between the first gas flow path and the second gas flow path. Gases from the first gases port are provided to the patient for respiratory support.

Concurrent treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension in a patient, via a pressure generating device, includes providing a flow of treatment gas to an airway of a patient in accordance with an initial set of flow parameters with respect to an obstructive sleep apnea mode. Responsive to determining that the patient has achieved stable breathing while receiving the flow of treatment gas, the flow parameters are increased above the initial set of flow parameters with respect to a hyper-ventilation mode. The flow of treatment gas is then provided to the airway of the patient in accordance with the increased flow parameters for a predetermined period of time. The increased flow parameters are configured to bring the patient's breath into accordance with target patient breath parameters configured to inflate the patient's lungs beyond a threshold for activating pulmonary stretch receptors of the airway of the patient.

A gas distributor for a rebreather, the gas distributor being configured for connection with an inhale hose and with an exhale hose with a mouthpiece in between, wherein the gas distributor comprises a gas distributor housing, an inhale chamber at the gas distributor housing and comprising a first inhale port for connection with an inhale counterlung or with a scrubber, a second inhale port for connection with the inhale hose, and a gas supply valve for supplying gas on demand, an exhale chamber at the gas distributor housing and comprising a first exhale port for connection with an exhale counterlung or with a scrubber, a second exhale port for connection with the exhale hose, and an overpressure valve for opening in an event of overpressure, and a switch arranged at the gas distributor housing and configured for being switchable between an open circuit mode and a closed circuit mode.

A method of delivering a substance, such as one or more of a triptan, a nasal steroid or carbon dioxide gas, to the nasal cavity of a subject, in particular for the treatment of headaches, for example, migraine, or rhinosinusitis, for example, chronic rhinosinusitis, optionally with polyps, the method comprising the steps of fitting a nosepiece to one nostril of the subject, delivering the substance through the nosepiece to the posterior region of the nasal cavity of the subject.