A greenwall cladding system for the growth of organisms such as plants and fungi on the side of structures, such as internal and external walls of buildings, is provided. Methods for the production of organisms on a greenwall cladding system, such as plants and fungi are also provided herein.

A greenwall cladding system for the growth of organisms such as plants and fungi on the side of structures, such as internal and external walls of buildings, is provided. Methods for the production of organisms on a greenwall cladding system, such as plants and fungi are also provided herein.

In accordance with one aspect, a faucet-supplied irrigation system is provided having a container, coiled tubing in the container, a plurality of pop-up sprinklers in the container, and a plurality of connectors in the container for attachment to the tubing and sprinklers. The irrigation system includes an irrigation controller in the container and a pressure regulator in the container to regulate water pressure of the supply of water to the sprinklers from the faucet. The container is configured to maintain a plurality of the coiled tubing, pop-up sprinklers, connectors, controller and regulator in a predetermined arrangement within the container.

A drip irrigation emitter may be provided with a coupler for bonding to an inner surface of a conduit. The emitter may include for example a button flow restrictor. The coupler may optionally provide an outlet zone on the conduit surface that is large enough for automated perforation. Bonding the emitter to the surface of the conduit may have a minimal effect on the dimensions and/or properties of the conduit. A button drip irrigation emitter may optionally include a two part labyrinth. The labyrinth may for example be confined between a cylindrical surface and a cover and/or wind between intermeshing baffles on the cover and/or the surface. In some embodiments the device may be formed using molding elements moving along a single axis.

A pipe including polyethylene produced in the presence of a solid catalyst and a co-catalyst, wherein the solid catalyst is prepared by the steps of: (a) contacting a dehydrated support having hydroxyl groups with a compound of formula MgR.sup.1R.sup.2; (b) contacting the product of step (a) with modifying compounds (A), (B) and (C), wherein: (A) is carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, ketone, acyl halide, aldehyde or alcohol; (B) is of formula R.sup.11.sub.f(R.sup.12O).sub.gSiX.sub.h wherein f, g and h 0 to 4 and the sum of f, g and h=4 provided that when h=4 then compound (A) is not an alcohol; (C) is a compound of formula (R.sup.13O).sub.4M, wherein M is a titanium atom, a zirconium atom or a vanadium atom; and (c) contacting the product of step (b) with a titanium halide TiX.sub.4, whereby the polyethylene has a molecular weight of 720,000 to less than 2,500,000 g/mol.

Systems and methods for modeling ways to best design pressure-controlled drip irrigation emitters are provided. The systems and methods are designed to help reduce activation pressure while maintaining a substantially constant, desirable flow rate in an irrigation system. Various parameters that impact the activation pressure and the flow rate can be adjusted to assist in finding optimal designs. The parameters can at least include one or more of resistances in a flow path, resistances in a membrane cavity, a membrane, or placement of a membrane with respect to a membrane cavity. Optimal designs for such emitters based on the discloses systems and methods are provided, including at least one exemplary embodiment in which a length of a flow path is substantially reduced as compared to known emitters.

Drip irrigation emitters having low activation pressures, desirable flow rates, and are configured to clog less than existing emitters are provided. The disclosed emitters include membrane cavities that are devoid of a channel and a land to help advance fluid through the cavity, to an outlet, and to an outside environment. Instead, the membrane cavities have various shapes and configurations that, in conjunction with a depressed membrane, help to drive fluid out of the membrane cavity and to an outside environment. The shapes of the membrane cavities include a sinusoidal configuration, a cylindrical shape configuration, and a flat bottom configuration. Various features of such emitters, and methods of using the same, are also provided.

A system and process for filtering air by removing pollutants from the air with living plants. The system includes an enclosure, a wall within the enclosure on which living plants are supported and grow in one or more horizontal plant beds defining vertical tiers along the wall, an irrigation system for watering the plants, and a lighting system for simulating sunlight. Air moving through the enclosure flows adjacent leaves of the plants, through a growth media in the plant bed, and then out of the enclosure.

A fertilization system may include a flow diverter to divert a portion of water from a ground irrigation system through a tank containing fertilizer and back into the ground irrigation system by creating a high pressure region up stream of the flow diverter and a low pressure region down stream of the flow diverter to provide hydraulic operation of the fertilization system.

A fertilization system may include a flow diverter to divert a portion of water from a ground irrigation system through a tank containing fertilizer and back into the ground irrigation system by creating a high pressure region up stream of the flow diverter and a low pressure region down stream of the flow diverter to provide hydraulic operation of the fertilization system.