An apparatus including a first surface configured to attach the apparatus to a second surface of another object, and a plurality of elongated nanofibers. Each nanofiber has one end connected to the first surface and an opposite end extending away from the first surface. The plurality of elongated nanofibers is configured to adhere to the second surface by nanoadhesion when brought into contact with the second surface.

An apparatus including a first surface configured to attach the apparatus to a second surface of another object, and a plurality of elongated nanofibers. Each nanofiber has one end connected to the first surface and an opposite end extending away from the first surface. The plurality of elongated nanofibers is configured to adhere to the second surface by nanoadhesion when brought into contact with the second surface.

A method of producing flexible polypropylene fabric bags with heat fused seams comprising providing fabric pieces, wherein each fabric piece has a coated side and an uncoated side; positioning fabric pieces so that a coated side of one fabric piece faces a coated side of another fabric piece; selecting an area of fabric to be joined for forming a seam or joint; applying heat to the area to be joined that is less than the melting point of the fabrics, for forming one or more seams or joints and wherein the heat fused seams or joints of a resulting polypropylene bag retains at least 85% of the fabric strength without using sewing machines.

A method of producing flexible polypropylene fabric bags with heat fused seams comprising providing fabric pieces, wherein each fabric piece has a coated side and an uncoated side; positioning fabric pieces so that a coated side of one fabric piece faces a coated side of another fabric piece; selecting an area of fabric to be joined for forming a seam or joint; applying heat to the area to be joined that is less than the melting point of the fabrics, for forming one or more seams or joints and wherein the heat fused seams or joints of a resulting polypropylene bag retains at least 85% of the fabric strength without using sewing machines.

Provided are seat tracks comprising composite frames and methods of fabricating such seat tracks. A composite frame comprises two sets of fibers having different orientations. The first fibers may extend parallel to the principal axis of the track, while the second fibers may extend within planes perpendicular to that axis. Various characteristics of these fibers may be specifically selected such that the mechanical strength of the frame in the principal axis direction is greater than other directions. In other words, the composite frame may have anisotropic properties. This difference ensures that adequate support is provided during both normal conditions and extreme conditions. Specifically, during the normal operating conditions, most loads may be directed vertically, while at the extreme conditions most loads may be directed horizontally. Aligning the fiber orientation of the composite frame with various directions of expected load allows forming a very light yet sufficiently supportive seat track.

Provided are seat tracks comprising composite frames and methods of fabricating such seat tracks. A composite frame comprises two sets of fibers having different orientations. The first fibers may extend parallel to the principal axis of the track, while the second fibers may extend within planes perpendicular to that axis. Various characteristics of these fibers may be specifically selected such that the mechanical strength of the frame in the principal axis direction is greater than other directions. In other words, the composite frame may have anisotropic properties. This difference ensures that adequate support is provided during both normal conditions and extreme conditions. Specifically, during the normal operating conditions, most loads may be directed vertically, while at the extreme conditions most loads may be directed horizontally. Aligning the fiber orientation of the composite frame with various directions of expected load allows forming a very light yet sufficiently supportive seat track.

Various fabric products incorporating exterior hydrostatic barriers and processes for manufacturing such fabric products are provided.

An insulating device can include an aperture having a waterproof closure which allows access to the chamber within the insulating device. The closure can help prevent any fluid leakage into and out of the insulating device if the insulating device is overturned or in any configuration other than upright. The closure may also prevent any fluid from permeating into the chamber if the insulating device is exposed to precipitation, other fluid, or submersed under water. This construction results in an insulating chamber that is substantially impervious to water and other liquids when the closure is sealed.

An insulating device can include an aperture having a waterproof closure which allows access to the chamber within the insulating device. The closure can help prevent any fluid leakage into and out of the insulating device if the insulating device is overturned or in any configuration other than upright. The closure may also prevent any fluid from permeating into the chamber if the insulating device is exposed to precipitation, other fluid, or submersed under water. This construction results in an insulating chamber that is substantially impervious to water and other liquids when the closure is sealed.

An insulating device can include an aperture having a waterproof closure which allows access to the chamber within the insulating device. The closure can help prevent any fluid leakage into and out of the insulating device if the insulating device is overturned or in any configuration other than upright. The closure may also prevent any fluid from permeating into the chamber if the insulating device is exposed to precipitation, other fluid, or submersed under water. This construction results in an insulating chamber that is substantially impervious to water and other liquids when the closure is sealed.