Process for forming a permanent join between two sections of fibrous material contained in a thermosetting resin matrix, said process comprising overlaying the two sections and subjecting the overlaid sections to ultrasonic welding to form a permanent join between the two sections, wherein there is no significant change in the sub-ambient Tg of the fibrous material contained in the thermosetting resin matrix in the region of the permanent join.

An ultrasonic sealing apparatus for paper packages achieves more stable ultrasonic sealing by cooling the horn during ultrasonic sealing which would otherwise be unstable due to heat imparted to a horn by continuous sealing. An end portion of a horn of a casing that includes the horn and a converter, or the horn, a booster and the converter is cooled by supplying air to a frame portion exposed toward an anvil side.

An anvil is provided in an ultrasonic sealing machine, in which vibration applying surfaces of a pair of horns and an abutment surface on an end face of the anvil cooperate with each other to bond a laminate. The abutment surface includes left and right welding surfaces which are disposed in the extending direction of the vibration applying surface and protrude toward the horns to face two vibration applying surfaces. The left and right welding surfaces each have an area per unit length in the extending direction, which continuously or step-wisely increases with an increase in distance from a center of the seal area, which is a region where the two vibration applying surfaces are adjacent to each other.

A bottom-gusseted package comprises a package body, and a bottom gusset positioned transversely of a longitudinal axis of the package body. Formation of the bottom-gusseted package is effected by positioning individual sleeves transversely of the longitudinal axis of a flexible web which forms the package body. During package formation, the flexible web is cut to form individual packages, with each individual sleeve positioned to form a bottom gusset in a respective package. Cooperating heat-sealing jaws, including cooperating U-shaped sealing surfaces, act to integrate and seal each individual sleeve with the flexible web to form the bottom gusset of each package, with the heat-sealing jaws preferably configured to include cooperating top sealing surfaces for simultaneously forming a top seal in an adjacent one of the packages.

An assembly for producing sealed packaging units (14) from a sheet packaging material, comprises: an advancement device (21) for advancing the sheet packaging material along an advancement direction (F), a longitudinal sealing device for sealing opposite borders of the sheet packaging material along a longitudinal sealing band arranged parallelly to the advancement direction (F), thereby forming a continuous tube (15), a transverse sealing device (29) for sealing the continuous tube (15) transversely to the advancement direction (F), so as to define a sealed packaging unit (14). The transverse sealing device (29) comprises a sealing element (30) and an abutment element (31) that are intended to mutually cooperate during sealing while being located on opposite sides of the continuous tube (15). The sealing element (30) is so configured as to act on a side (27) of the continuous tube (15) on which the longitudinal sealing band is provided.

An ultrasonic sealing anvil is provided which is capable of applying an optimal pressure to an overlap part in the absence of misalignment between the overlap part and the anvil, and preventing application of an excessive pressure in the occurrence of misalignment. An ultrasonic sealing anvil is configured to seal a tubular material having an overlap part extending in one direction, in a sealing direction crossing the overlap part. The anvil is provided with a step that can be abutted with the overlap part R, and a pair of grooves arranged sandwiching the step in the sealing direction.

Methods and apparatus are described for improving fit checking at the bonding interface of a first component, such as a fan blade (1), and a second component, such as an edge guard (2) for the fan blade (1), to be bonded by adhesive. A bondline thickness profile over the area of the bonding interface is determined by interposing a compressible, flexible sensor layer between the components before they are bonded. The sensor layer contains an array of piezoelectric elements which indicate local bondline thickness by signalling pressure due to compression of the layer. The bondline thickness profile can be processed by a programmed control processor to produce an adhesive application schedule prescribing the shapes of pieces of adhesive film which, when applied over the bonding interface, will build up an adhesive layer corresponding in thickness to the bondline thickness. The sensor layer can be prepared as a kit of shaped panels or as a contoured preform (55) matching the form of the bonding interface.

A method of manufacturing a rotor blade component for a rotor blade of a wind energy installation, a rotor blade component, and a wind energy installation comprising such a rotor blade component. The method includes manufacturing a layer system including a first layer of a first material and a second layer of a second material. The second material has a smaller modulus of elasticity than the first material, and the second layer extends at least partially along the first layer. The layer system is beveled at least at one end with the aid of at least one separation process such that the second layer projects beyond the first layer at the at least one end of the layer system. The layer system is connected to at least one other such layer system so as to form the rotor blade component.

A device for processing, in particular for ultrasound welding, of packaging sleeves and/or packagings includes at least two tools for processing, in particular for ultrasound welding, of packaging sleeves. Each tool has an operating region. The tools are supported in such a manner that there is produced between the operating regions a gap whose longitudinal direction corresponds to the transport direction of the packaging sleeves, and the tools are supported in such a manner that the size of the gap can be changed. In order also to enable continuous welding of the packaging sleeves in a reliable manner with changing material thicknesses, there is provided at least one parallel spring on which at least one of the tools is movably supported transversely relative to the transport direction of the packaging sleeves.

The invention relates to a transverse-sealing unit (09) for producing transverse-sealing seams in a tubular-bag machine (01), the transverse-sealing unit (09) comprising at least one sealing bar (11) which comes into sealing contact with at least one effective area when transversely sealing the film tube (05), and the transverse-sealing unit (09) comprising a support element (12) in which the sealing bar (11) is fastened, and the sealing bar having at least two effective-area sections (13, 14, 15), and the first effective-area section (15) protruding slightly over the second effective-area section (13, 14). The sealing bar (11) is mounted so as to be displaceable on the support element (12) in the direction of its longitudinal axis.