Device surfaces are rendered superhydrophobic and/or superoleophobic through microstructures and/or nanostructures that utilize the same base material(s) as the device itself without the need for coatings made from different materials or substances. A medical device includes a portion made from a base material having a surface adapted for contact with biological material, and wherein the surface is modified to become superhydrophobic, superoleophobic, or both, using only the base material, excluding non-material coatings. The surface may be modified using a subtractive process, an additive process, or a combination thereof. The product of the process may form part of an implantable device or a medical instrument, including a medical device or instrument associated with an intraocular procedure. The surface may be modified to include micrometer- or nanometer-sized pillars, posts, pits or cavitations; hierarchical structures having asperities; or posts/pillars with caps having dimensions greater than the diameters of the posts or pillars.

In a groove-formed body, a recess and protrusions are formed on a resin plate by irradiation with a laser. When forming the recess and the protrusions on the resin plate, the laser is irradiated onto the resin plate plural times. Irradiation of the laser onto the resin plate is thus temporarily paused to cool the resin plate, enabling the portion of the resin plate irradiated by the laser to be suppressed from igniting and enabling a depth dimension of the recess and a height dimension of the protrusions to be made larger.

A method of additive manufacturing of an object may include directing laser energy from a laser to a region for material deposition, extruding material using an extruder at the region of material deposition, sensing temperature within the region of the material deposition, and electronically controlling the laser energy using the temperature so as to sufficiently heat the region for material deposition prior to extruding the material to increase strength of the object. The method may include hardening or freezing extruded material through cooling in real-time.

Provided are a thermoplastic resin shaped-article in which vacancies with satisfactory light emission efficiency are formed, and a thermoplastic resin light guide that uses the thermoplastic resin shaped-article. Pulse laser irradiation is performed in a state in which the pulse laser is focused to an inner region of a primary thermoplastic resin shaped-article, thereby forming cracks at the inner side of the primary thermoplastic resin shaped-article. Then, a heat treatment is performed at a temperature equal to or higher than a glass transition temperature of a thermoplastic resin that constitutes the primary thermoplastic resin shaped-article, thereby obtaining a thermoplastic resin shaped-article 20 in which substantially spherical vacancies 244 having minimum diameter of 30 m or more are formed only at the inner region distant from a surface thereof by 10 m or more.

A flexible packaging laminate has built-in opening/reclose and tamper-evidence features by forming the laminate from an outer structure joined in face-to-face relation to an inner structure. Score lines are formed in both structures to enable an opening to be formed through the laminate by lifting a flap or the like out of the plane of the laminate. The score line through the outer structure defines a larger opening than the score line through the inner structure, such that a marginal region of the outer structure extends beyond the edge of the opening portion of the inner structure. A pressure-sensitive adhesive is used to re-adhere the marginal region to an underlying surface of the inner structure adjacent the opening through the laminate. The outer score line includes at least one tab positioned within a heat seal region of the laminate.

Devices and methods are provided for continuous measurement of an analyte concentration. The device can include a sensor having a plurality of sensor elements, each having at least one characteristic that is different from other sensor(s) of the device. In some embodiments, the plurality of sensor elements are each tuned to measure a different range of analyte concentration, thereby providing the device with the capability of achieving a substantially consistent level of measurement accuracy across a physiologically relevant range. In other embodiments, the device includes a plurality of sensor elements each tuned to measure during different time periods after insertion or implantation, thereby providing the sensor with the capability to continuously and accurately measure analyte concentrations across a wide range of time periods. For example, a sensor system 180 is provided having a first working electrode 150 comprising a first sensor element 102 and a second working electrode 160 comprising a second sensor element 104, and a reference electrode 108 for providing a reference value for measuring the working electrode potential of the sensor elements 102, 104.

In a groove-formed body, recesses and protrusions are formed in a resin plate by irradiating a laser. Each of four recesses extend from an intersection point thereof. When forming each of the recesses in the resin plate, a portion at the intersection point of the recesses is an irradiation stop position of the laser, and an amount of heat generated by the laser on the resin plate is decreased. This enables a protrusion to be suppressed from being formed on either side of the intersection point of the recesses, and enables a protrusion to be suppressed from being disposed between the portion of the recesses at the intersection point, and a portion other than at the intersection point.

Laser cutting of multilayer optical film bodies comprising polyester and polycarbonate materials.

A method includes forming a plurality of voids within a substrate along a dicing path by exposing the substrate to a first burst of laser pulses at a first location along the dicing path of a respective waveguide combiner. The substrate has a plurality of waveguides. Each laser pulse within the first burst forms a respective void within a first column at the first location to form the plurality of voids. The method further includes exposing the substrate to a second burst of laser pulses at a second location along the dicing path of the respective waveguide combiner. Each laser pulse within the second burst forms the respective void within a second column at the second location to form the plurality of voids. The first column and the second column are spaced by a pitch between a center of the first column and the second column along the dicing path.

A method for removing matrix from a composite material comprising reinforcement embedded in a matrix and having a thickness bounded by the first surface and a second surface of the composite material. A laser is oriented with a beam axis of the laser approximately perpendicular to the first surface of the composite material. The laser travels over a region of the first surface of the composite material, wherein the laser removes a portion of or the entire thickness of the composite matrix at the region while leaving the reinforcement of the composite material intact.