Methods and apparatus are provided for applying an fragment of a neurotoxin such as the active light chain (LC) of the botulinum toxin (BoNT), such as one of the serotype A, B, C, D, E, F or G botulinum toxins, via permeabilization of targeted cell membranes to enable translocation of the botulinum neurotoxin light chain (BoNT-LC) molecule across the targeted cell membrane to the cell cytosol where a therapeutic response is produced in a mammalian system. The methods and apparatus include use of catheter based delivery systems, non-invasive delivery systems, and transdermal delivery systems.

Methods and related systems for modulating neural activity by cyclically modulating neural activity in peripheral neural structures are disclosed. Neural activity may be modulated cyclically by stimuli delivered via various types of stimulus sources. In an aspect, activity of a sensory nerve is modulated. Neural modulation may be used, for example, to modulate an undesired sensation, such as pain, or an immune or inflammatory response or process. Delivery of stimuli for modulating neural activity may be controlled in part in response to an input from a user input device.

The present invention is directed to methods for reducing systemic absorption of therapeutic compounds or agents while enhancing efficiency of delivery and targeting of intranasal administration of such compounds or agents to the central nervous system. More specifically, use of ultrasound technology in conjunction with intranasal delivery of a therapeutic compound, or pharmaceutical composition, wherein the intranasal delivery is preferably to the upper one third of a patient's nasal cavity, thereby reducing therapeutic compound or agent absorption into the blood. At the same time, the present invention results in reducing the delivery of therapeutic compounds and/or agents to the peripheral tissues, increases therapeutic delivery of the compounds and/or agents to the central nervous system generally, and increases targeting of the therapeutics and/or agents to specific target regions within the central nervous system.

Methods to provide customized skin care by using specimen dispensing device to dispense specimens from removable dispensers for the purpose of treating skin of a user are presented. Methods to utilize the embedded memory and electrical interface of the dispensing device and dispensers to produce customizable skin care products that give better skin treatment results are also presented. The invention may also be applied to health care and personal care needs.

Systems and methods for skin rejuvenation are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, a skin rejuvenation system includes a unit dose of a booster product that includes active ingredients of ferulic acid and phloretin; a unit dose of at least one exfoliating product that includes active ingredients of ferulic acid and phloretin in combination with fruit acids or alpha hydroxyacids; and a unit dose of a nano-additive product for enhancing penetration of the active ingredients. A method for skin rejuvenation includes applying topically, to a skin surface to be treated, a booster product including active ingredients of ferulic acid and phloretin; applying topically, to the skin surface, at least one exfoliating product including active ingredients of ferulic acid and phloretin in combination with one of fruit acids or alpha hydroxyacids; and applying topically, to the skin surface, a nano-additive product for enhancing penetration of the active ingredients.

Systems and methods for treating a blood clot include a catheter to be inserted into a patient. The catheter is used to deliver low stability microbubbles toward the blood clot in the patient. A thrombolytic agent is delivered toward the blood clot, and ultrasonic energy is applied to the microbubbles to vibrate the microbubbles.

Systems, devices, and methods are described for providing, among other things, improvement in treatment of abnormal tissues including cancer, utilizing light activated drug therapy. Improvements include the use of optical penetration and drug penetration enhancers, in combination with photosensitizing drugs, and the use of localization aids and implements, which enable treatment of larger tissue volumes using minimal tissue access. The cytotoxic photoactivation process is also improved by using internal guidance to direct the light source to and at the lesion site using a naturally occurring orifice or intravascular access route.

The present invention provides compositions, methods and kits for treating skin, which combine administration of glucosamine hydrochloride and red light having a peak wavelength of about 600 nm to about 750 nm, near infrared light having a peak wavelength of about 750 nm to about 1000 nm, or both.

Provided is an immune microbubble complex, and a use thereof. An immune-microbubble complex (IMC) according to the presently claimed subject matter includes microbubbles to which an antibody is conjugated, in which the microbubbles have excellent stability and excellent antibody binding strength, and it was confirmed that, when the immune-microbubble complex is treated with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), an anti-tumor effect is significantly increased and an immune-enhancing effect is exhibited. Therefore, the immune-microbubble complex according to the presently claimed subject matter is expected to increase the efficiency of delivering the conjugated antibody and be used in both diagnosis and treatment of cancer, and exhibit various functions in the field of immunotherapy, including a contrast effect, half-life improvement, improved drug delivery, a lymphocyte concentration effect, cancer immunotherapy and induction of immunotherapy using ultrasound.

The present invention relates to a porous structure-based magnetically actuated microrobot and a fabricating method therefor, wherein the porous structure-based magnetically actuated microrobot is based on a natural polymer having biocompatibility and biodegradability, so that the precise targeting of the porous microrobot through the attachment of magnetic nanoparticles and the drug and cell delivery using the porous microrobot can be attained.