In an example method of forming a waveguide film, a photocurable material is dispensed into a space between a first mold portion and a second mold portion opposite the first mold portion. Further, a relative separation between a surface of the first mold portion with respect to a surface of the second mold portion opposing the surface of the first mold portion is adjusted. The photocurable material in the space is irradiated with radiation suitable for photocuring the photocurable material to form a cured waveguide film. Concurrent to irradiating the photocurable material, the relative separation between the surface of the first mold portion and the surface of the second mold portion is varied and/or an intensity of the radiation irradiating the photocurable material is varied.

There is provided a master, an optical body, and a master manufacturing method, including: forming, on a surface of a master body that includes a base material, a periodic micro concave-convex structure in which an average cycle of concavities and convexities is less than or equal to visible light wavelengths; forming an inorganic resist layer on the surface of the master body; microparticulating and spraying an organic resist dissolved in a diluent onto the inorganic resist layer, to thereby form an organic resist layer, on a surface of which is provided a macro concave-convex structure in which the average cycle of concavities and convexities is greater than the visible light wavelengths; and etching the organic resist layer, the inorganic resist layer, and the master body, to thereby superimpose and uniformly form the micro concave-convex structure and the macro concave-convex structure on the surface of the base material.

An object of the present invention is to provide a polymerizable composition with which a polymer having a high degree of hardness can be produced. Another object is to provide, for example, an optically anisotropic body, a phase retardation film, an optical compensation film, an antireflection film, a lens, and a lens sheet that are composed of the polymerizable composition and a liquid crystal display element, an organic light-emitting display element, a lighting element, an optical component, a coloring agent, a security marker, a laser emission member, a polarizing film, a coloring material, and a printed item that are produced using the polymerizable composition. The present invention provides a polymerizable composition including a polymerizable compound represented by General Formula (IA) which has a specific structure including a plurality of polymerizable groups.

An optical film, wherein a photoelastic coefficient thereof is 1.510.sup.13 (dyn/cm.sup.2).sup.1 or less, an in-plane retardation Re(560) thereof at a wavelength of 560 nm is 1.0 nm or less, an absolute value of a thickness-direction retardation Rth(560) thereof at a wavelength of 560 nm |Rth(560)| is 1.0 nm or less, a change of a ratio Re(560)/d that is a ratio of the in-plane retardation Re(560) at a wavelength of 560 nm relative to a thickness d, the change being a result of storage at a temperature of 60 C. and a humidity of 90% for 4 hours, is 0.510.sup.5 or less, and a change of a ratio Rth(560)/d that is a ratio of the thickness-direction retardation Rth(560) at a wavelength of 560 nm relative to the thickness d, the change being a result of storage at a temperature of 60 C. and a humidity of 90% for 4 hours, is 0.510.sup.5 or less.

Methods and apparatus are provided for eyeglass lens made using a solution casting process. The method may include providing a first soluble polymer solution. The method may include providing a first dye solution including at least one dye. The method may include adding the first dye solution to the first soluble polymer solution to form a first dyed solution. The method may include casting the first dyed solution to form a first film. The method may include providing a second soluble polymer solution. The method may include providing a second dye solution comprising at least one dye. The method may include adding the second dye solution to the second soluble polymer solution to form a second dyed solution. The method may include casting the second dyed solution onto the first film to form a two-layer film. The method may include laminating or casting the two-layer film to the eyeglass lens.

Transparent, electrically conductive vanadium oxide-based perovskite films and methods of making the vanadium oxide-based perovskite films are provided. Transparent conducting vanadate perovskites are made by forming a layer of amorphous vanadate perovskite precursor around a plurality of nanoscale, crystalline, perovskite oxide seeds and heating the layer of amorphous vanadate perovskite precursor at a temperature that favors lateral vanadate perovskite crystal growth from the perovskite oxide seeds over homogeneous crystal nucleation within the layer of amorphous vanadate perovskite precursor material. The crystallization processes can form the desired vanadate perovskite phase directly or via a transformation in a controlled gas environment from an initial crystallized vanadate perovskite phase that has a higher oxidation state.

A window for a display device includes: a base layer; a first hard coating layer on the base layer; and a second hard coating layer on the first hard coating layer and having a thickness less than a thickness of the first hard coating layer, where the first hard coating layer is between the base layer and the second hard coating layer.

A polarizing film having a molded shape, in which a difference in average transmittance of the polarizing film at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm is 5% or less before and after molding the shape of the polarizing film. In addition, when molding the polarizing film into a shape such as a curved surface, the polarizing film is heat-treated in a temperature range of Tg20 C. or higher and Tg+10 C. or lower, where Tg is a glass transition point of a resin constituting the polarizing film. Further, one chamber is divided into a first space and a second space by the polarizing film disposed in the chamber, and the polarizing film is transfer-molded along a molding surface by a differential pressure generated by making a pressure in the first space and a pressure in the second space different from each other.

The light guide film product processing apparatus provided in the present invention relates to the field of light guide film processing, and includes an unwinding device for transmitting a first light guide film, a dot processing device, a cooling device, a cutting device, a waste collecting device, and a product collecting device that are sequentially installed along the transmission direction of the first light guide film, and a linkage controller; the dot processing device transfers dots on both sides of the first light guide film, the cooling device cools the first light guide film after dot processing, the cutting device cuts the cooled first light guide film, the waste collecting device is configured to wind a second light guide film, and the second light guide film is a remaining material after the first light guide film is cut into a light guide film product; and the included angle formed between the winding and transmission direction of the second light guide film and the transmission direction of the first light guide film is defined as , where >0. The linkage controller controls the starting and stopping of the dot processing device, the cooling device, and the cutting device by means of a program to implement the integrated production process of one-step forming of dots on both sides of a light guide film, light guide film product cutting, and remaining material recovery.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a transparent substrate, a method for preparing the same, and an OLED display device. A transparent substrate includes a first transparent film, and a second transparent film arranged on the first transparent film. An interface between the first transparent film and the second transparent film is provided with a light scattering structure.