A first ply and then a second ply, which is superposed on the first ply, are produced on a hoop-type first support. The hoop-type first support has a first receiving surface, to form a laminate. The first and second plies forming the laminate are transferred onto an annular second receiving surface of a core so that the laminate is wrapped on the core until each ply is closed on itself and the laminate is thus closed on itself in a ring about the central axis of the core.

Liquid applicators and methods. The liquid applicators include a frame and an applicator head operably coupled to the frame and configured to support a section of an applicator fabric for operable application of a liquid to a substrate. The liquid applicators further include a fabric conveyance system that is operably coupled to the frame and includes a fabric pay-out assembly configured to supply the applicator fabric to the applicator head and a fabric take-up assembly configured to receive the applicator fabric from the applicator head. The liquid applicators further include a liquid delivery system configured to deliver the liquid to the section of the applicator fabric. The methods include delivering the liquid to the section of applicator fabric, engaging the section of applicator fabric with the substrate, and moving the section of the applicator fabric across the substrate to apply the liquid thereto.

In a process for building tires, a carcass structure which includes at least one carcass ply and a belt structure, is formed. Manufacture of the belt structure includes: forming a first portion of at least one cushion insert through spiralling of a continuous elongated element; forming at least one first belt layer in a radially external position to the first portion in such a manner that the first portion axially projects from one of the axially opposite side edges of the first belt layer, forming a second portion of the cushion insert through spiralling of a continuous elongated element in a radially external position to the side edge of the first belt layer and to a stretch of the first portion projecting from the side edge itself, so as to enclose the side edge between the first and second portions of the cushion insert.

In a process for building tires, a carcass structure which includes at least one carcass ply and a belt structure, is formed. Manufacture of the belt structure includes: forming a first portion of at least one cushion insert through spiralling of a continuous elongated element; forming at least one first belt layer in a radially external position to the first portion in such a manner that the first portion axially projects from one of the axially opposite side edges of the first belt layer, forming a second portion of the cushion insert through spiralling of a continuous elongated element in a radially external position to the side edge of the first belt layer and to a stretch of the first portion projecting from the side edge itself, so as to enclose the side edge between the first and second portions of the cushion insert.

A pneumatic tire excellent in high speed stability and turning ability is provided. In a band of a tire, a center portion located in an axial center has a helically wound structure in which a first band body including a first cord is wound. A shoulder portion located on an axial outside of the center portion has a meshed structure formed by a second band body including a second cord. The shoulder portion includes a plurality of first portions, a plurality of second portions and a plurality of third portions. Each first portion is inclined and extends from an axially inner end of the shoulder portion to an axially outer end of the shoulder portion. Each second portion is inclined in an opposite direction from the first portion and extends from the axially inner end of the shoulder portion to the axially outer end of the shoulder portion.

Pneumatic tire, and method for forming said tire; the tire comprises a tire carcass having a body layer (16) extending between a pair of beads (18), a belt (20) arranged along the tire carcass between the pair of beads, the belt having three belt layers (221-223), wherein the reinforcement elements of the first layer (221) extend in a direction biased from the equatorial plane of the tire by an angle greater or less than zero, the reinforcements of the second layer (222) extend in a direction biased from the equatorial plane of the tire by an angle having an absolute value of 5 to 15 degrees, and the reinforcements of the third layer (223) extend in a direction biased from the equatorial plane of the tire by an angle greater or less than zero.

A shear band for a tire includes an annular first, radially outer fabric layer extending circumferentially around the tire; and an annular second, radially inner fabric layer extending circumferentially around the tire. The shear band is formed from a single shear band strip helically wound circumferentially and axially with a first edge of the shear band strip. The first edge of the shear band strip has a first extension flap for engaging an opposite second edge of the shear band strip. The first extension flap is continuously secured to the opposite second edge linearly along the opposite second edge of the shear band strip.

The invention is directed to a vehicle pneumatic tire wherein strengthening plies are provided with steel cords running parallel to one another. The belt plies can be used, as isolated electrically conductive plates, for supplying electricity to electrical consumers such as sensors and actuators installed in the tire. Adjacent belt plies can be connected by puncture sensors to be able to identify damage to the belt caused by metallic parts penetrating from the outside, such as nails, on the basis of a change in the electrical resistance.

The invention is directed to a vehicle pneumatic tire wherein strengthening plies are provided with steel cords running parallel to one another. The belt plies can be used, as isolated electrically conductive plates, for supplying electricity to electrical consumers such as sensors and actuators installed in the tire. Adjacent belt plies can be connected by puncture sensors to be able to identify damage to the belt caused by metallic parts penetrating from the outside, such as nails, on the basis of a change in the electrical resistance.

A tire includes a central region configured to be mounted to a wheel and a crown region including a circumferential tread and a shear element disposed below the circumferential tread. The shear element includes an upper reinforcement layer, a lower reinforcement layer, and an elastic region disposed between the upper reinforcement layer and the lower reinforcement layer. A radial distance between the upper reinforcement layer and the lower reinforcement layer varies along an axial width of the tire. The tire also includes an intermediate region extending from the central region to the crown region.