The present invention relates to an apparatus and to a process for building tyres for vehicle wheels, wherein sidewalls (11) are applied on opposite sides of a carcass sleeve (12) placed on a shaping drum (13). The application of the sidewalls (11) comprises: arranging each sidewall (11) as a ring around application levers (24) of a respective support (18), making an axial appendage (35) of the sidewall (11) protrude axially beyond the free ends (25) of the respective application levers (24); radially opening the free ends (25) of the application levers (24) of each support (18) so as to make the respective sidewall (11) radially expand; axially approaching the free ends (25) of the application levers (24) to the respective half-drum (17) up to engaging the axial appendage (35) with the carcass sleeve (12) and radially opening the free ends (25) of the application levers (24) to adhere the sidewalls against the carcass sleeve (12).

A non-pneumatic or pneumatic tire includes an area for tire indicia or markings. The tire includes a hub region and a tread layer. The tread layer of the tire has a shoulder with a cut out extending either partially or entirely around the shoulder of the tire tread layer. The angle of the notched or beveled portion is 45-135° with respect to an axial direction along the tread layer shoulder, and at least one indicia disposed on the at least one flat surface. The placement of the markings may be radially along the surface of the cut out portion or axially along the surface of the cut out portion. The markings may be recessed, stamped, molded, painted or applied with ink to the cut out portion. Alternatively, the indicia or marking may be applied to a decal and applied to the cut out portion.

A non-pneumatic or pneumatic tire includes an area for tire indicia or markings. The tire includes a hub region and a tread layer. The tread layer of the tire has a shoulder with a cut out extending either partially or entirely around the shoulder of the tire tread layer. The angle of the notched or beveled portion is 45-135° with respect to an axial direction along the tread layer shoulder, and at least one indicia disposed on the at least one flat surface. The placement of the markings may be radially along the surface of the cut out portion or axially along the surface of the cut out portion. The markings may be recessed, stamped, molded, painted or applied with ink to the cut out portion. Alternatively, the indicia or marking may be applied to a decal and applied to the cut out portion.

A pneumatic tire includes a carcass layer that has a toroidal shape and extends between a pair of bead portions, a sidewall portion, one of the pair of bead portions being provided at an inner end of the sidewall portion in a tire radial direction TR, and a mark formed in an outer surface of the sidewall portion. The mark includes a protruded portion provided in the outer surface of the sidewall portion and recessed inward in a tire width direction, and a mark body defined by the protruded portion. The surface of the mark body coincides with a reference surface corresponding to the outer surface of the sidewall portion.

A pneumatic tire includes a carcass layer that has a toroidal shape and extends between a pair of bead portions, a sidewall portion, one of the pair of bead portions being provided at an inner end of the sidewall portion in a tire radial direction TR, and a mark formed in an outer surface of the sidewall portion. The mark includes a protruded portion provided in the outer surface of the sidewall portion and recessed inward in a tire width direction, and a mark body defined by the protruded portion. The surface of the mark body coincides with a reference surface corresponding to the outer surface of the sidewall portion.

Display assemblies as disclosed herein are configured for attachment with a vulcanized rubber article and are provided in the form of different material layers. Display assemblies generally comprise one or more display layers of elastomeric material configured to provide a desired display indicia, an intermediate layer formed from an elastomeric material different from that of the one or more display layers, and an adhesive layer wherein the intermediate layer is interposed between the adhesive layer and the one or more display layers. The one more display layers may be configured to act together or separately to provide a desired display indicia to provide a desired visual display or feature on the surface of the vulcanized rubber article, which may be a sidewall surface of a tire.

Display assemblies as disclosed herein are configured for attachment with a vulcanized rubber article and are provided in the form of different material layers. Display assemblies generally comprise one or more display layers of elastomeric material configured to provide a desired display indicia, an intermediate layer formed from an elastomeric material different from that of the one or more display layers, and an adhesive layer wherein the intermediate layer is interposed between the adhesive layer and the one or more display layers. The one more display layers may be configured to act together or separately to provide a desired display indicia to provide a desired visual display or feature on the surface of the vulcanized rubber article, which may be a sidewall surface of a tire.

A tire side surface of a pneumatic tire includes a two-dimensional code in which a dot pattern is formed by two types of gray scale elements formed identifiable from each other by recesses and protrusions of the tire side surface, or a predetermined two-dimensional code arrangement region. The tire side surface further includes at least two marks formed in a protruded shape or a recessed shape, and the two marks are disposed on an identical position in a first direction of a tire radial direction and a tire circumferential direction and disposed separated from each other at different positions in a second direction of the tire radial direction and the tire circumferential direction to sandwich an outer edge of the two-dimensional code or the predetermined two-dimensional code arrangement region from the opposite sides in at least one of the tire radial direction or the tire circumferential direction.

A tire side surface of a pneumatic tire includes a two-dimensional code in which a dot pattern is formed by two types of gray scale elements formed identifiable from each other by recesses and protrusions of the tire side surface, or a predetermined two-dimensional code arrangement region. The tire side surface further includes at least two marks formed in a protruded shape or a recessed shape, and the two marks are disposed on an identical position in a first direction of a tire radial direction and a tire circumferential direction and disposed separated from each other at different positions in a second direction of the tire radial direction and the tire circumferential direction to sandwich an outer edge of the two-dimensional code or the predetermined two-dimensional code arrangement region from the opposite sides in at least one of the tire radial direction or the tire circumferential direction.

A tire includes an inner liner, an electronic component unit pasted on a tire inner cavity side of the inner liner, and a vulcanizing adhesive which joins the inner liner and the electronic component unit, in which the electronic component unit has an electronic component and a resin film which covers at least part of the electronic component, and the vulcanizing adhesive has a thickness of no more than 30 μm.