A filter apparatus includes: a housing having an inlet for supplying sewage or waste water into the housing, and an outlet for discharging purified water from the housing; and filter media arranged inside the housing. Each of the filter media includes: a porous substrate; a nanofiber web laminated on both surfaces of the porous substrate; and a fuse reinforcement material interposed between the nanofiber web and the porous substrate. The porous substrate is surrounded by the nanofiber web except for an upper edge of the porous substrate to form a protruding portion. The apparatus further includes: a discharge pipe connected to the outlet and including a fixing portion fixed to the protruding portion of the porous substrate and a connection tube connected to the fixing portion and connected to the outlet; and a pump connected to the outlet for pumping the purified water out of the housing.

A filter apparatus includes: a housing having an inlet for supplying sewage or waste water into the housing, and an outlet for discharging purified water from the housing; and filter media arranged inside the housing. Each of the filter media includes: a porous substrate; a nanofiber web laminated on both surfaces of the porous substrate; and a fuse reinforcement material interposed between the nanofiber web and the porous substrate. The porous substrate is surrounded by the nanofiber web except for an upper edge of the porous substrate to form a protruding portion. The apparatus further includes: a discharge pipe connected to the outlet and including a fixing portion fixed to the protruding portion of the porous substrate and a connection tube connected to the fixing portion and connected to the outlet; and a pump connected to the outlet for pumping the purified water out of the housing.

A fabrication method for a filter containing tragacanthin-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers includes obtaining a homogenous tragacanthin-PVA solution by obtaining a PVA solution by dissolving PVA in distilled water, and adding tragacanthin to the PVA solution. The method may further include obtaining a support layer by coating a stainless steel mesh with a thin layer of a hydrophobic polymer, coating a stainless steel mesh with the thin layer of the hydrophobic polymer comprising electrospinning a hydrophobic polymer solution onto the stainless steel mesh, and forming a tragacanthin-PVA nanofibrous web on the support layer by electrospinning the homogenous tragacanthin-PVA solution onto the support layer.

The invention relates to a polymeric fibre derived from a copolymer of polyacrylonitrile and a comonomer. The fibre comprises a metal ion and/or silicon at from about 1 to about 15 wt %. A process for making the fibre is also described.

A thermally conductive rope includes a plurality of tows of crystalline carbon fiber, a plurality of tows of additional fiber, and at least one of a thermoset and thermoplastic.

A method is described for making a retort container having one or two metal ends. A heat-sealable material is present on one or both of the container side wall and the/each metal end. The/each metal end is seamed onto the container body, and the resulting container assembly is conveyed on a conveyor adjacent to an induction sealing head and then adjacent to a cooling device. A pressure belt engages the upper end of the container assembly to keep the metal end from coming off the container body during the induction heating and cooling processes.

A method is described for making a retort container having one or two metal ends. A heat-sealable material is present on one or both of the container side wall and the/each metal end. The/each metal end is seamed onto the container body, and the resulting container assembly is conveyed on a conveyor adjacent to an induction sealing head and then adjacent to a cooling device. A pressure belt engages the upper end of the container assembly to keep the metal end from coming off the container body during the induction heating and cooling processes.

A method of manufacturing a heterogeneous composite includes the steps of providing a first constituent and a second constituent, wherein the first constituent is porous or capable of developing pores when under hydrostatic pressure, and the second constituent comprises a solid having thermoplastic properties; positioning the second constituent relative to the first constituent and coupling energy into the second constituent to cause at least portions of the second constituent to liquefy and to penetrate into pores or other structures of the first constituent, whereby the first constituent is interpenetrated by the second constituent to yield a composite; and, causing an irreversible transition at least of the second constituent to yield a modified composite.

A method of manufacturing a heterogeneous composite includes the steps of providing a first constituent and a second constituent, wherein the first constituent is porous or capable of developing pores when under hydrostatic pressure, and the second constituent comprises a solid having thermoplastic properties; positioning the second constituent relative to the first constituent and coupling energy into the second constituent to cause at least portions of the second constituent to liquefy and to penetrate into pores or other structures of the first constituent, whereby the first constituent is interpenetrated by the second constituent to yield a composite; and, causing an irreversible transition at least of the second constituent to yield a modified composite.

A method of making carbon fiber material according to various embodiments of the present disclosure includes forming a polymer resin to have a polydispersity index (PDI) that is less than approximately 2.5. The method further includes spinning the polymer resin to create an acrylic fiber having an acrylic fiber length. The method further includes oxidizing the acrylic fiber while stretching the acrylic fiber to create an oxidized fiber that has an oxidized fiber length that is at least one of greater than or equal to approximately 100 percent (100%) of the acrylic fiber length. The method further includes carbonizing the oxidized fiber to create a carbon fiber.