An oxygen concentrator may have a compressor to feed a feed gas for sieve bed(s) via a first manifold, an accumulator to receive enriched air from the bed(s) via a second manifold. It may include an outer housing for the manifolds, the compressor, and the accumulator. The housing may include an access portal to a compartment therein, for removably receiving the bed(s) as a canister assembly. The first manifold may be adjacent to the compartment and have inlet coupling(s) for removably coupling respectively with inlet(s) of the canister assembly. The inlet coupling(s) may each have a first central axis. The second manifold may be adjacent to the compartment and have outlet coupling(s) for removably coupling respectively with outlet(s) of the canister assembly. The outlet coupling(s) may each having a second central axis. The first and second central axes may form any one of an obtuse, acute, or right angle.

The invention provides new systems/methods for providing oxygen to chronically ill patients, such as COPD patients, through a more efficient portable oxygen concentrator (“POC”) that at least sometimes delivers an enriched airflow having a significantly lower overall oxygen concentration than that administered by typical POCs. In aspects, the methods/systems of the present invention are configured to automatically switch from pulse delivery to continuous delivery, from continuous delivery to pulse delivery, or any combination thereof, at least once per day, when certain conditions occur. Methods/system can comprise the ability to switch between mode(s) comprising delivery of a moderately enriched oxygen airflow (MEOA) and mode(s) comprising delivery of intensively enriched oxygen airflow, highly enriched oxygen airflow, or both, and back again, based on one or more parameters.

Provided herein are materials and methods of reducing contamination in a biological substance or treating contamination in a subject by one or more toxins comprising contacting the biological substance with an effective amount of a sorbent capable of sorbing the toxin, wherein the sorbent comprises a plurality of pores ranging from 50 Å to 40,000 Å with a pore volume of 0.5 cc/g to 5.0 cc/g and a size of 0.05 mm to 2 cm and sorbing the toxin. Also provided are kits to reduce contamination by one or more toxins in a biological substance comprising a sorbent capable of sorbing a toxin, wherein the sorbent comprises a plurality of pores ranging from 50 Å to 40,000 Å with a pore volume of 0.5 cc/g to 5.0 cc/g and a size of 0.05 mm to 2 cm and a vessel to store said sorbent when not in use together with packaging for same.

A device removing a biological and/or chemical entity (C) from extracorporeal blood (B) is disclosed. The device has a hollow capture chamber with an inlet for the entry of the extracorporeal blood (B) and an outlet for the outflow of the extracorporeal blood (B) and a capture element inside the capture chamber having a reactant surface placed in contact with the extracorporeal blood (B) and a plurality of binding agents (A) for the biological and/or chemical entity to be removed (C) such that the biological and/or chemical entity (C), upon exiting the capture chamber, is removed from the extracorporeal blood (B) as linked to the reactant surface.

A cartridge comprising layers of adsorbent sheet is described. The cartridge includes an indicator that characterizes the consumption state of the adsorbent within the cartridge. The indicator is applied in a way such that discrete areas of indicator are visible. These discontinuous areas of indicator may be applied to the outside surface of the cartridge. Alternatively, the discontinuous areas may be formed by cutting windows in the outermost layer of the cartridge and either coating indicator on the layer beneath the window, placing an indicator layer between the window and the layer beneath it or filling the window with an indicating plug of material so that the indicator is visible from the outside of the cartridge. The indicator layer and indicator plug embodiments allow the use of any indicator with any adsorbent.

A cartridge comprising layers of adsorbent sheet is described. The cartridge includes an indicator that characterizes the consumption state of the adsorbent within the cartridge. The indicator is applied in a way such that discrete areas of indicator are visible. These discontinuous areas of indicator may be applied to the outside surface of the cartridge. Alternatively, the discontinuous areas may be formed by cutting windows in the outermost layer of the cartridge and either coating indicator on the layer beneath the window, placing an indicator layer between the window and the layer beneath it or filling the window with an indicating plug of material so that the indicator is visible from the outside of the cartridge. The indicator layer and indicator plug embodiments allow the use of any indicator with any adsorbent.

An object of the present invention is to provide a material which can remove an activated leukocyte-activated platelet complex with high efficiency. The present invention provides a material for removing an activated leukocyte-activated platelet complex, the material being a water-insoluble carrier to the surface of which carrier a compound(s) having a charged functional group(s) is(are) bound, wherein an extending length ratio of the surface is 4 to 7.

A system for providing a NO-containing gas flow to treat a biological object. The system includes a nozzle receptacle for receiving NO-rich air from a plasma-generated NO source, tubing coupled to the nozzle for directing the NO-rich air to a scrubber, the scrubber configured to receive a solvent for absorbing NO2, tubing coupled between the scrubber and a gas mixer for directing scrubbed NO-rich air to the gas mixer, where the gas mixer is coupled to a source of atmospheric air for selectively mixing the scrubbed NO-rich air with the atmospheric air to create diluted NO-containing air; and a manifold for distributing the diluted NO-containing air to a plurality of patient locations.

A system for providing a NO-containing gas flow to treat a biological object. The system includes a nozzle receptacle for receiving NO-rich air from a plasma-generated NO source, tubing coupled to the nozzle for directing the NO-rich air to a scrubber, the scrubber configured to receive a solvent for absorbing NO2, tubing coupled between the scrubber and a gas mixer for directing scrubbed NO-rich air to the gas mixer, where the gas mixer is coupled to a source of atmospheric air for selectively mixing the scrubbed NO-rich air with the atmospheric air to create diluted NO-containing air; and a manifold for distributing the diluted NO-containing air to a plurality of patient locations.

Apparatus and method for photo-chemical oxidation are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a system for treating a dialysis fluid includes: a nanostructured photo-electrochemical anode; a source of light configured to illuminate the photo-electrochemical anode; and a cathode that is permeable to oxygen provided to the dialysis fluid and non-permeable to a liquid of the dialysis fluid. The photo-electrochemical anode is configured to remove urea from the dialysis fluid by converting the urea in the dialysis fluid into oxidation products through a photo electrochemical reaction.