An apparatus for metering the delivery of an aerosol. The apparatus has a variable acoustic source and a microphone, both acoustically coupled to a volume having a fluid region and an air region. The apparatus may also include a processor to determine a volume of the air region based on signals received from the microphone and the variable acoustic source. A fluid valve is coupled to the processor, and is configured to allow an amount of fluid to exit the fluid region associated with the volume of the air region. An atomizer, coupled to the fluid region, is configured to aerosolize at least a portion of the fluid.

Provided is a configuration capable of executing a detection test for a comfort level including the quality of sleep, which is measurable at home without requiring the measurement of brain waves or electrocardiogram. The respiratory waveform of a subject during sleep is continuously measured and recorded from the respiratory gas flow, etc., and is window-Fourier transformed at each measurement time to generate a frequency spectrum, and a bandwidth including a respiratory frequency is extracted. The index indicating the regularity of the respiratory period of the subject is also calculated at each time point during the sleep, and the time-dependency of this index during the sleep is represented as a graph. A medical device includes a sleep evaluation system equipped with a control means for performing control so that a sleep cycle repeated at a cycle of about 90 minutes is clearly observed if the comfort level including the quality of sleep of the subject is favorable.

A system for reducing airway obstructions of a patient may include a ventilator, a control unit, a gas delivery circuit with a proximal end in fluid communication with the ventilator and a distal end in fluid communication with a nasal interface, and a nasal interface. The nasal interface may include at least one jet nozzle, and at least one spontaneous respiration sensor in communication with the control unit for detecting a respiration effort pattern and a need for supporting airway patency. The system may be open to ambient. The control unit may determine more than one gas output velocities. The more than one gas output velocities may be synchronized with different parts of a spontaneous breath effort cycle, and a gas output velocity may be determined by a need for supporting airway patency.

Systems and methods may include a gas source, a gas delivery circuit, and a nasal interface allowing breathing ambient air through the nasal interface. A gas flow path through the nasal interface may have a distal gas flow path opening. A nozzle may be associated with a proximal end of the nasal interface a distance from the distal end gas flow path opening. At least a portion of an entrainment port may be between the nozzle and the distal end gas flow opening. The nozzle may deliver gas into the nasal interface to create a negative pressure area in the gas flow path at the entrainment port. The nasal interface and the nozzle may create a positive pressure area between the entrainment port and the distal end gas flow path opening. Gas from the gas delivery source and air entrained through the entrainment port may increase airway pressure or lung pressure or provide ventilatory support.

Embodiments described herein generally relate to articles and methods for containing compositions comprising hydrogen gas. According to some embodiments, the article comprises a container that comprises metal, and an epoxy. The epoxy may at least partially coating a surface of the metal. The container may further contain a liquid or other material, which may comprise dissolved hydrogen gas. Such compositions may be useful, for example, for the treatment of animal and human diseases, for improvement in athletic performance, for the enhancement of the overall health of a subject, or the like.

Embodiments described herein generally relate to articles and methods for containing compositions comprising hydrogen gas. According to some embodiments, the article comprises a container that comprises metal, and an epoxy. The epoxy may at least partially coating a surface of the metal. The container may further contain a liquid or other material, which may comprise dissolved hydrogen gas. Such compositions may be useful, for example, for the treatment of animal and human diseases, for improvement in athletic performance, for the enhancement of the overall health of a subject, or the like.

Provided is a configuration capable of executing a detection test for a comfort level including the quality of sleep, which is measurable at home without requiring the measurement of brain waves or electrocardiogram. The respiratory waveform of a subject during sleep is continuously measured and recorded from the respiratory gas flow, etc., and is window-Fourier transformed at each measurement time to generate a frequency spectrum, and a bandwidth including a respiratory frequency is extracted. The index indicating the regularity of the respiratory period of the subject is also calculated at each time point during the sleep, and the time-dependency of this index during the sleep is represented as a graph. A medical device includes a sleep evaluation system equipped with a control means for performing control so that a sleep cycle repeated at a cycle of about 90 minutes is clearly observed if the comfort level including the quality of sleep of the subject is favorable.

The present invention generally relates to a process suitable for extracorporeal lung support. The process comprises contacting blood with a dialysis liquid separated by a semipermeable membrane. Oxygen is introduced into blood and/or into the dialysis liquid prior to contacting blood and dialysis liquid being separated by the semipermeable membrane. The process is versatile and allows for blood oxygenation as well as removal of at least one undesired substance occurring in the blood, selected from carbon dioxide, bicarbonate and hydrogen cations, from blood. Thereby, the present invention takes advantage of the Haldane effect in the extracorporeal contacting step. The undesired substance can be efficiently transported across a semipermeable membrane to the dialysis liquid. In contrast to extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal methods of the prior art (ECCCbR), the present invention employs a versatile dialysis liquid that allows to adjust the pH and buffering capacity of the dialysis liquid, to add fluids to the dialysis liquid and/or to the blood and to remove substances from the blood in the extracorporeal circuit, depending on the conditions and needs. The present invention also provides regeneration and recycling of the dialysis liquid, and thus for its repeated use. The present invention is suitable for treating human or animal subjects suffering from lung failure or lung disorders.

The present disclosure relates to a drop dispenser device comprising: a liquid reservoir for holding a liquid medicament to be vaporized; a dispensing opening through which the liquid medicament is adapted to pass during a dispensing operation of the dispenser; and a dispensing mechanism configured to generate predetermined droplets of the liquid medicament, and expel the generated droplets through the dispensing opening in a selected liquid amount and at a selected frequency, upon activation of the dispensing mechanism.

A cooling apparatus and a cooling method are proposed. The cooling device may spray a coolant received from a coolant reservoir toward a target region to cool the target region. The cooling device may include a spraying unit from which the coolant is sprayed, a valve configured to regulate a flow of the coolant, and a control unit configured to control opening and closing of the valve. When cooling starts. the control unit may control a first cooling mode in which a temperature of the target region is decreased and a second cooling mode in which the temperature of the target region is maintained in a predetermined temperature range to be sequentially performed.