A breath actuated metered dose inhaler may comprise a canister fire system configured to fire a medicament containing canister in response to patient inhalation. The canister fire system may comprise a pneumatic force holding unit and having a rest configuration in which a metering valve of the canister is in a refill configuration; a prepared configuration in which a canister actuation force is retained by the pneumatic force holding unit and the canister fire system is actuatable by patient inhalation induced airflow; and a fire configuration in which the metering valve is in a dose delivery position. When in the prepared configuration, the force retained by the pneumatic force holding unit may be reduced by less than about 6% over a period of 5 minutes, preferably less than about 3% over a period of 5 minutes.

A resin board structure includes a first member including a first metal film and one thermoplastic resin layer or a stack which includes two or more thermoplastic resin layers, and a second member including a second metal film. The first and second metal films are bonded together, and at least a portion the first metal film and at least a portion of the second metal film overlap each other. The first and second metal films are metallurgically bonded at an interface between the first metal film and the second metal film. The first member includes a first junction resin covering portion defined by a portion of a thermoplastic resin layer and overlapping a portion at which the first metal film and the second metal film overlap each other, and the first junction resin covering portion includes an uneven surface to reduce or prevent slippage due to ultrasonic vibration.

A system for treating a deep abdominal wound. The system includes a wound dressing. The wound dressing includes a visceral-protective layer, a compressive layer, and a sealing layer. The visceral-protective layer is configured to be positioned in an open abdomen. The compressive layer is configured to be disposed proximate to the visceral-protective layer. The compressive layer includes a pattern of voids configured for anisotropic collapse of the compressive layer when under negative pressure. The sealing layer is configured to form a sealed space in the open abdomen. A negative pressure source configured to provide negative pressure to the compressive layer.

Generation of a balloon-shaped air bubble is suppressed. A foam molded article according to a mode of the present disclosure is characterized in that in a situation of being divided into two equal parts in the thickness direction T of the foam molded article, the average cell diameter 1 in the thickness direction T on the inner surface side A of the foam molded article is 1.2 times ((1/1)=1.2) or greater of the average cell diameter 1 in the thickness direction T on the outer surface side B of the foam molded article and that the surface roughness Sm of the inner surface of the foam molded article is 1000 m or greater.

A metal-resin composite structure (106) is formed by bonding a metal member (103) and a resin member (105) formed of a resin composition. A surface roughness measured regarding six linear portions in total including three arbitrary linear portions parallel with each other and another three arbitrary linear portions perpendicular to the former three linear portions on a surface (110) of the metal member (103), based on JIS B0601 (corresponding international standard: ISO4287) satisfies both Requirements (1) and (2). (1) An average value of ten point average roughnesses (Rz) at an evaluated length of 4 mm is smaller than 20 m. (2) An average value of mean width of the profile elements (RSm) at an evaluated length of 4 mm is equal to or greater than 20 m and smaller than 77 m.

A method for manufacturing a composite molded body in which a metallic molded body and a resin molded body are joined, includes a step of irradiating laser light onto a joining surface of the metallic molded body with the resin molded body in an energy density of 1 MW/cm2 or more and at an irradiation rate of 2000 mm/sec or more to roughen the surface, and a step of placing, in a mold, a portion of the metallic molded body containing the joining surface roughened in the preceding step and injection-molding a resin to obtain a composite molded body. The roughened joining surface of the metallic molded body has a porous structure containing a hole having a maximum depth from a surface exceeding 500 m, and a joining strength between the metallic molded body and the resin molded body is 60 MPa or more.

To provide a method for manufacturing an optical element, which improves the surface precision of the optical surface as well as reducing the birefringence at a low cost. A method for manufacturing an optical element 1090A having optical surfaces 1091 and 1092 and a non-optical surface 1093A that is adjacent to the optical surface 1092 via a ridge by injection molding includes forming the non-optical surface 1093A with a mold surface. The mold surface includes a sink forming area 1095 as a first area having a first surface roughness, and a high transfer area 1094 as a second area having a second surface roughness different from the first surface roughness. The second area is located outside the first area.

The disclosure relates to a synthetic closure for a product-retaining container constructed for being inserted and securely retained in a portal-forming neck of said container, said closure comprising at least a core member comprising at least one thermoplastic polymer, and at least one peripheral layer at least partially surrounding and intimately bonded to at least one surface of the core member, said peripheral layer comprising at least one thermoplastic polymer, wherein the synthetic closure is formed by extrusion, and at least one of the core member and the peripheral layer comprises a plurality of cells, and wherein the synthetic closure comprises cork powder.

Providing composite structures with micro contoured surface layer. There is provided a method to adjust roughness level of micro contoured surface layer when manufacturing a composite and products thereof. The micro contoured surface layer may cover all or at least part of the surface area of the composite product. The roughness level of micro contoured surface layer may be increased or decreased by controlling the process parameters. In particular, there is provided a method to increase the roughness level of composite material having a primary surface layer with a primary surface roughness by softening the primary surface layer of the composite material by heating and providing a secondary surface layer of the composite material surface with a secondary surface roughness by cooling the softened surface layer. Further, there are provided methods to determine and visualize the level of micro contoured surface layer roughness on a composite product surface.