A double barreled injector assembly for performing multiple sequential vaccinations includes a pair of barrels, each of which is engaged by a first terminus thereof to a bar and extends from a lower face thereof. A respective agent can be positioned in each barrel. Each barrel has an orifice positioned in a second terminus thereof. A pair of actuators is engaged to an upper face of the bar. Each actuator is operationally engaged to a respective barrel and can be actuated by action of a hand of a user to dispense an associated agent through the orifice of the respective barrel into an animal. The injector assembly allows the user to perform multiple sequential vaccinations with two different vaccines and will be useful in vaccination of herds or flocks of livestock, such as poultry, cattle, and the like.

A method of delivering a medication or a pharmaceutical product to a patient includes operations of activating an active mesh of an active mesh nebulizer, the active mesh being in contact with a liquid formulation of the medication, and configured to generate a plume of particles having a particle diameter between 1 and 6 micrometers, directing the plume of particles to a mouth of a patient during an inhalation by a patient; and stopping the plume of particles during the inhalation by the patient such that a substantial majority, or nearly all, of the plume of particles is inhaled by the patient.

Provided are compounds of Formula I,

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as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of Formula I and methods for treating Orthomyxoviridae virus infections by administering these compounds. The compounds, compositions, and methods provided are particularly useful for the treatment of Human Influenza virus infections.

A replaceable needle assembly is provided for a retractable, prefilled syringe comprising a barrel having a mounting member and a plunger, whereby the retractable needle can be replaced by a user without affecting the retraction mechanism. The replaceable needle assembly comprises a needle fitted to a retractable needle mount and a needle retainer. The needle mount is removably, screw-threadedly mountable to the mounting member of the barrel. The needle retainer comprises a plurality of fingers that releasably engage the retractable needle to thereby prevent inadvertent retraction of the retractable needle before engagement by the plunger. The plunger comprises a plunger seal comprising an outer member and an inner member that engages the needle for spring-driven retraction. At the end of retraction, a lock is formed between the plunger and barrel to prevent re-use of the syringe.

An apparatus for delivering an active ingredient into the skin of an animal at a defined depth, the apparatus including: a microprojection array including a plurality of microprojections having a density of at least 2,000 projections per cm.sup.2; and an applicator that drives the microprojection array towards the skin in use so that the microprojection array impacts on the skin with a mass-to-velocity ratio of between 0.0005 g/m/s and 0.1 g/m/s per cm.sup.2.

A vaccine formation and delivery system includes a first chamber configured to store a live virus and a second chamber for storing an inactivated virus. The system further includes a UV radiation means used for irradiating the live virus. Personal dosage transfer chambers and a delivery system configured to attach to the personal dosage transfer chambers for delivering an activated virus to a user.

Influenza vaccines are administered using solid biodegradable microneedles. The microneedles are lubricated from the influenza vaccine in combination with solid excipient(s) and, after penetrating the skin, they dissolve in situ and release the vaccine to the immune system. The influenza vaccine is (i) a purified influenza virus surface antigen vaccine, rather than a live vaccine or a whole-virus or split inactivated vaccine (ii) an influenza vaccine prepared from viruses grown in cell culture, not eggs, (iii) a monovalent influenza vaccine e.g. for immunising against a pandemic strain, (iv) a bivalent vaccine, (v) a tetravalent or >4 -valent vaccine, (vi) mercury-free vaccine, or (vii) a gelatin-free vaccine.

Provided herein are vaccine compositions containing at least one retrievable biocompatible macrocapsule containing immuno-isolated allogeneic cells that secrete an immunomodulator such as GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor) and an antigenic component such as autologous tumor cells or infectious agents. Also provided are kits and pharmaceutical compositions containing the vaccine compositions as well as methods of use thereof for therapeutic or preventative vaccination against tumors or infectious agents.

A dissoluble microneedle drug delivery system includes a fixation component having an opening window area, and at least two replaceable and/or dissoluble inner matrices fitting into the window area one after another. The fixation component comprises an array of microneedles attached on its base, at least part of the microneedles being configured to fix the delivery system onto skin. The first inner matrix comprises a multitude of microneedles attached on its base, at least part of the microneedles configured to prepare the skin to vaccination by the subsequent second inner matrix. The second inner matrix is a vaccine/immunization matrix configured to replace the first inner matrix and comprising an array of microneedles attached on its base, at least part of the microneedles configured to deliver a vaccination. The system may include a microchannel network within at least one inner matrices for delivery of components regulating dissolution of the microneedles.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for delivering a gel to a surface. In one embodiment, the system may have a first vessel with a first low viscosity aqueous solution comprising a binder/crosslinking agent; and a second vessel with a second low viscosity aqueous solution comprising a gelling component. The separate first and second low viscosity aqueous solutions are sprayed onto a surface where the solutions mix forming a gel.