A constant force expansion construct includes a plurality of expandable layers, each expandable layer including: (a) a longitudinal restricting beam; and (b) a plurality of interconnected flexible biasing struts connecting the longitudinal restricting beam of one expandable layer to another longitudinal restricting beam in a next adjacent expandable layer, the biasing struts being biased toward a compressed position and being movable between the compressed position and an expanded position in which a distance between successive longitudinal restricting beams is increased.

A stand supports an electronic apparatus in an erect state. The stand includes: a supporting portion that has a supporting surface which supports a rear surface of the electronic apparatus; a leg portion that is rotatably connected to the supporting portion via a hinge; a flexible member that has flexibility, that is formed in a sheet shape, and that is provided along one edge of the supporting portion so as to protrude from the one edge; a surface material that has flexibility and forms front surfaces of the supporting portion and the flexible member; a first bonding layer that fixes the surface material onto the supporting portion; and a second bonding layer that is formed to have a lower coating density of a bonding adhesive than the first bonding layer and fixes the surface material onto the flexible member.

A cowling for a marine engine has an outer shell and a supporting structure bonded to an interior surface of the outer shell. The supporting structure has an elongated member that extends along the interior surface and provides rigidity to the outer shell. The supporting structure comprises a plurality of flex joints that are spaced apart along the elongated member and allow the supporting structure to flex transversely to the elongated member and thus follow a contour of the interior surface during bonding to the outer shell. Corresponding methods are disclosed.

A leg support includes a support element. A reinforcing element is disposed on the support element. The support element is chemically compatible with the reinforcing element. A homogeneous chemical bond is formed between the support element and the reinforcing element.

A wafer holder 10 includes a resin adhesive layer 16 between a ceramic electrostatic chuck 12 and a metal cooling plate 14. The adhesive layer 16 includes a first layer 16a in contact with the electrostatic chuck 12, a second layer 16b in contact with the cooling plate 14, and an intermediate layer 16c located between the first layer 16a and the second layer 16b. Heat resistance of each of the first layer 16a and the intermediate layer 16c is higher than heat resistance of the second layer 16b, flexibility of the second layer 16b is higher than flexibility of each of the first layer 16a and the intermediate layer 16c, and the layers are in hermetic contact with each other.

A mold assembly, for an overhead console button carrier having a unitary body, includes a cavity side and a core side. The core side includes at least one zero draft core insert, a first buried retractor mechanism and a first slide mechanism.

The present disclosure provides a treadmill with an integrated base and a manufacturing method for the integrated base, the treadmill includes the integrated base, a running board, a running belt, an electric motor, an electric control, and a drum. The integrated base includes a horizontally and longitudinally arranged support rod that is integrally formed, the support rod is enclosed to form a rectangular base. The horizontally and/or longitudinally arranged support rod is wrapped with a metal member, the integrated base is provided with an installation part for the running board, running belt, electric motor, electric control, and drum. This setting overcomes a shortcoming of a complex structure of the existing treadmill base, eliminates a high production cost of welding assembly, reduces environmental pollution, and requires lower personnel skills. It has the advantages of simple assembly and low manufacturing cost.

The pipe structure according to the present invention includes: a fiber-reinforced plastic pipe 5; moisture-proof foils 11, 12 which individually cover an outer circumferential surface of the pipe 5 and an inner circumferential surface thereof; and an intermediate part 4 which is made of metal and fitted to an end of the pipe 5, wherein end portions of the moisture-proof foils 11, 12 are tightly sandwiched between the pipe 5 and the intermediate part 4. This configuration reliably prevents an FRP pipe from absorbing moisture, and thus, prevents the FRP pipe from shrinking due to moisture exhaustion in outer space, whereby it is possible to obtain the pipe structure having excellent dimensional stability.

A method is provided for connecting hollow profiles (1-4) in a joint (10) to produce a load-bearing structure (5). The method includes placing ends of hollow profiles (1-4) in a mold and pressing the ends together with at least one semi-finished product to connect the ends of the hollow profiles to the semi-finished product.

A mold assembly, for an overhead console button carrier having a unitary body, includes a cavity side and a core side. The core side includes at least one zero draft core insert, a first buried retractor mechanism and a first slide mechanism.