A load bearing building panel having a first sheet intended to provide an inner building surface, a second sheet intended to provide an outer building surface, and an insulating foam core sandwiched between them. The sheet that provides the inner building surface is corrugated to define co-planar portions separated by a plurality of channels which are dimensioned so as to be able to accommodate standard size electrical boxes and/or plumbing pipes. Advantageously, the other sheet is also corrugated to define a plurality of channels so that a plurality of panels can be stacked in a partially nesting relationship.

A structural object includes a substrate integrally clad with a metallic glass sheet by adhering, welding or joining the metallic glass sheet on the substrate for a low-cost, flexible and convenient fabrication, assembly, processing or construction of the object.

A primary backing having a component having a front surface and a rear surface, a second component having a front surface and a rear surface placed adjacent and plane-parallel to the first component, and an optional third component having a front surface and a rear surface placed adjacent and plane-parallel to the second component, wherein the first component comprises a two-dimensional material layer, an extruded sheet, and a non-woven fabric and/or a woven fabric. The second component comprises a three-dimensional structure, wherein the three-dimensional structure is build-up from macroscopic thermoplastic fibers, the fibers cross one another at crossing points and are thermally bonded to one another at their crossing points, and the third component comprises a further two-dimensional material layer, wherein the material layer comprises an extruded sheet, a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric and/or a two-dimensional layer of macroscopic fibers.

In one embodiment, a method of forming an extruded board includes mixing a resin and a foaming agent, melting the mixed resin and foaming agent to form a uniformly colored extrudate, differentially expanding voids formed from the foaming agent within the uniformly colored extrudate by passing the uniformly colored extrudate through a breaker plate, forming a board with the differentially expanded voids and uniformly colored extrudate, and forming lightened portions on an outermost surface of the formed board.

Battery packaging material wherein a sheet-like laminated body is formed by sequentially stacking at least a base layer, metal layer, and sealant layer, the battery packaging material being equipped with substantially rectangular space that is formed to protrude from the sealant layer side toward the base layer side, and accommodates a battery element on the sealant layer side. In planar view from the base layer side view, a first and second curved sections are provided from the center portion toward the battery packaging material end parts, in a cross section in the thickness direction on a line connecting opposing corner parts protruding in a substantially rectangular shape. The thickness (a) of the metal layer at the first curved section, (c) of the metal layer at the second curved section, and (b) of the metal layer at the section located between the first and second curved sections, satisfy the following relationship ab>c or ac>b.

A method of manufacturing a flexible substrate includes injecting a first reactant above a polymer substrate into a top surface of the polymer substrate and infiltrating the first reactant into the polymer substrate, injecting a second reactant below the polymer substrate into a bottom surface of the polymer substrate and infiltrating the second reactant into the polymer substrate, and forming a barrier region by filling at least a portion of a free volume of the polymer substrate with an inorganic material formed via a reaction of the first and second reactants inside the polymer substrate.

A flexible polyurethane foam molded article includes a plurality of layer parts (L1 to L10) that are layered in a vertical direction (Y) perpendicular to a stage surface (1A). When the entire flexible polyurethane foam molded article is compressed by 15% in the vertical direction (Y), the front surface layer (L1) positioned closest to the stage surface (1A) in the vertical direction (Y) among the plurality of layer parts (L1 to L10) has the lowest residual thickness ratio in the vertical direction (Y) among the plurality of layer parts (L1 to L10). When the entire flexible polyurethane foam molded article is compressed by 50% in the vertical direction (Y), the back surface layer (L10) positioned closest to a non-stage surface (1B) of the flexible polyurethane foam molded article in the vertical direction (Y) among the plurality of layer parts (L1 to L10) has the highest residual thickness ratio in the vertical direction (Y) among the plurality of layer parts (L1 to L10).

Certain embodiments described herein are directed to composite materials effective for use in deep draw processes. In some examples, the composites can be used to provide vehicle panels such as, for example, vehicle underbody panels. In some configurations, the composite comprises a fiber reinforced polymer core and a skin material disposed on at least some portion of the fiber reinforced polymer core, in which the skin material comprises a basis weight of at least 65 g/m2 and an elongation at break of at least 20%.

A chamber component comprises a body, a first protective layer and a conformal second protective layer over the first protective layer. The first protective layer comprises a plasma resistant ceramic, has a thickness of greater than approximately 50 microns and comprises a plurality of cracks and pores. The conformal second protective layer comprises a plasma resistant rare earth oxide, has a thickness of less than 50 microns, has a porosity of less than 1%, and seals the plurality of cracks and pores of the first protective layer.

Disclosed, among other things, are ways to manufacture reduced density thermoplastics using rapid solid-state foaming and machines useful for the saturation of plastic. In one embodiment, a foaming process may involve saturating a semi-crystalline polymer such as Polylactic Acid (PLA) with high levels of gas, and then heating, which may produce a reduced density plastic having high levels of crystallinity. In another embodiment, a foaming process may produce layered structures in reduced density plastics with or without integral skins. In another embodiment, a foaming process may produce deep draw structures in reduced density plastics with or without integral skins. In yet another embodiment, a foaming process may utilize additives, blends, or fillers, for example. In yet another embodiment, a foaming process may involve saturating a semi-crystalline polymer such as Polylactic Acid (PLA) with high levels of gas, and then heating, which may produce a reduced density plastic having high levels of crystallinity.