A device including a near field transducer, the near field transducer including gold (Au) and at least one other secondary atom, the at least one other secondary atom selected from: boron (B), bismuth (Bi), indium (In), sulfur (S), silicon (Si), tin (Sn), hafnium (Hf), niobium (Nb), manganese (Mn), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O), and combinations thereof; erbium (Er), holmium (Ho), lutetium (Lu), praseodymium (Pr), scandium (Sc), uranium (U), zinc (Zn), and combinations thereof; and barium (Ba), chlorine (Cl), cesium (Cs), dysprosium (Dy), europium (Eu), fluorine (F), gadolinium (Gd), germanium (Ge), hydrogen (H), iodine (I), osmium (Os), phosphorus (P), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), selenium (Se), samarium (Sm), terbium (Tb), thallium (Th), and combinations thereof.

A ceramic circuit substrate according to the present invention includes a ceramic substrate, a copper circuit made of a copper-based material bonded, via a bonding layer, to a surface of the ceramic, and a copper heat sink made of the copper-based material bonded, via a bonding layer, to the other surface of the ceramic. The bonding layers each include a brazing material component including two or more kinds of metals, such as Ag, and an active metal having a predetermined concentration. The bonding layers each include a brazing material layer including the brazing material component, and an active metal compound layer containing the active metal. A ratio of a bonding area of the active metal compound layer in a bonding area of each of the bonding layers is 88% or more.

The present invention provides: a surface-treated material that can simply and in a short time period form a surface treatment film having an adequate adhesiveness particularly on an electroconductive substrate which is mainly formed of a base metal having a large ionization tendency and is considered to resist having a sound plating film formed thereon; and a component produced by using the same.

A surface-treated material (10) of the present invention comprises an electroconductive substrate (1) and a surface treatment film (2) formed of at least one or more layers of metal layers (3 and 4) which are formed on the electroconductive substrate (1), and among the at least one or more layers of metal layers (3 and 4), a lowermost metal layer (3) which is directly formed on the electroconductive substrate (1) comprises a plurality of metal-buried portions (3a) that are scattered in the electroconductive substrate (1) and continuously extend from a surface of the electroconductive substrate (1) toward an inside thereof.

A method of plating a metallic substrate to achieve a desired surface coarseness includes: plating a metallic substrate with a source metal using a plating solution containing the source metal to produce a plated layer; and during said plating, varying at least one of multiple plating parameters to achieve a value of a coarseness metric of a surface of the plated layer above a minimum predetermined target value of the coarseness metric. Determining a value of a coarseness metric of a plated layer on a metallic substrate includes obtaining a magnified image of a surface of a plated layer recorded by a magnification device; identifying a path across the magnified image that crosses a plurality of pixels; and determining a contrast among the plurality of pixels.

A multiple layer metallic laminate including a metallic layer of high heat dispersion characteristics and a thermal barrier material interlaid within the metallic layer. The laminate can include multiple metallic layers having either high heat dispersion characteristics or lesser heat dispersion characteristics. The thermal barrier material can separate portions of the high heat dispersion metallic layers from one another to minimize heat dispersion into isolated portions.

An anisotropic conducting adhesive is improved in conductivity without increasing the density of admixed conductive particles by inducing metallic fusion between the surfaces of the conducting particles and the surfaces being bonded. The metallic fusion may be promoted by physical/chemical interaction characteristic of certain materials at a compressed interface; by compression sufficient to deform the conductive particles in a manner that increases the mechanical contact area; by heating (with or without melting of a material), which may also serve to cure the adhesive matrix; or by acoustic vibration, e.g., ultrasonic vibration. The resulting metallic-fusion joint is stronger, as well as more conductive, than a joint in which the particles and surfaces are held in unfused mechanical contact.

A single-phase alloy is formed, as weight percentages, of N % of gold, M % of tungsten, with N+M=100, M8 and N60. Also disclosed is a process for preparing such an alloy use of such an alloy and decorative sheets made from such an alloy.

An electromagnetic relay includes a fixed contact module including a fixed contact, a movable contact module including a movable contact disposed to face the fixed contact, an armature formed of a magnetic material and configured to move the movable contact module to bring the movable contact into and out of contact with the fixed contact, and an electromagnet configured to generate a magnetic field to move the armature. At least one of the fixed contact module and the movable contact module includes a joint at which different components are joined by riveting, and a film with a thermal conductivity higher than, the thermal conductivity of the fixed contact module and the movable contact module is formed on at least one of the fixed contact module and the movable contact module including the joint.

Noble metal-coated nanostructures and related methods are disclosed. According to an aspect, a nanostructure may include a structure comprising a base metal. As an example, the structure may be a nanowire. In a more specific example, the structure may be a copper nanowire or a nanowire made of a base metal such as nickel, tin, indium, zinc, the like, or combinations thereof. The base metal structure may be coated with a noble metal that conformally covers the base metal structure. Example noble metals include, but are not limited to, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, iridium, platinum, and gold. The coating may be made of one or more of the noble metals along with other materials.

A laminated member as a laminate of a plurality of alloy ribbons is used. The laminated member has a side surface with a fracture surface. A laminated body as a laminate of the laminated member is used. A motor that includes a core using the laminated body is used. A method for manufacturing a laminated member is used that includes: fixing a plurality of amorphous ribbons to one another in a part of layers of the amorphous ribbons after laminating the amorphous ribbons; and punching a laminated member by cutting the laminate of the amorphous ribbons at a location that excludes the portion fixing the amorphous ribbons in the laminate.