A dream stimulator may include a substrate and a plurality of electrodes positioned along a first side of the substrate. The stimulator also may include a stimulator coupled to the substrate. At least one lead may couple the plurality of electrodes to the stimulator. Additionally, a band may be positioned along a second side of the substrate and about each of the plurality of electrodes.

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for memory recall and reactivation by targeted stimulation are provided. Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for providing patterns of a reinforcing cue re-presentation during sleep. Systems, apparatuses, and methods are also described for determining patterns of a reinforcing cue for re-presentation during sleep. Systems, apparatuses, and methods are also described for determining reinforcing cues for re-presentation during sleep. Systems, apparatuses, and methods are also described for determining and predicting sleep intervals based only on sleep onset.

Methods and systems for enhancing sleep of a user. In some aspects, control circuitry receives a first input relating to a first sleep state. The control circuitry determines whether the first sleep state indicates the user has fallen asleep. In response to determining the user has fallen asleep, the control circuitry determines a first media asset corresponding to the first sleep state. The control circuitry generates for display the first media asset to enhance the user's sleep. The control circuitry receives a second input relating to a second sleep state. The control circuitry determines whether the second sleep state indicates the user is ready to be awakened. In response to determining the user is ready to be awakened, the control circuitry determines a second media asset corresponding to the second sleep state. The control circuitry generates for display the second media asset to awaken the user.

Methods and systems for enhancing sleep of a user. In some aspects, control circuitry receives a first input relating to a first sleep state. The control circuitry determines whether the first sleep state indicates the user has fallen asleep. In response to determining the user has fallen asleep, the control circuitry determines a first media asset corresponding to the first sleep state. The control circuitry generates for display the first media asset to enhance the user's sleep. The control circuitry receives a second input relating to a second sleep state. The control circuitry determines whether the second sleep state indicates the user is ready to be awakened. In response to determining the user is ready to be awakened, the control circuitry determines a second media asset corresponding to the second sleep state. The control circuitry generates for display the second media asset to awaken the user.

Disclosed is a method, a device, and/or a system of protection of user sleep through evaluation of a disturbance event, such as an environmental sound or a communication, against a sleep priority state and/or a sleep priority period. In one embodiment, a device for enhancing sleep of a user, which may be embodied in an earbud case, may include an indicator identification subroutine that extracts an indicator data from a physiological data received from one or more sensors of an earphone, such as an earbud. A cognitive state evaluation routine determines a cognitive state of the user, for example a sleep state, based on a physiological feature. A communication agent receives a communication notification, for example from a communication device. A sleep protection routine determines that the user is in the sleep state and denies passthrough of the communication notification to protect the sleep of the user.

Computer implemented method and system for achieving a preferred state of mind of a user are disclosed. In a first aspect, the method comprises detecting a biological marker (biomarker) of a user utilizing one or more sensors; and inferring a state of mind of the user based upon data received from the one or more sensors that are provided to computational hardware. Finally the method includes providing an antidote to the user if the inferred state of mind is different than the preferred state of mind utilizing an actuator. In a second aspect, the system comprises one or more sensors for detecting a biological marker (biomarker) of the user and computational hardware for inferring a state of mind of the user based upon data received from the one or more sensors. Finally the system includes an actuator for providing an antidote to the user if the inferred state of mind is different than a preferred state of mind.

A sleep support apparatus includes a pair of electrocardiographic electrodes that detect an electrocardiographic signal, a photoelectric pulse wave sensor that includes a light emitter and a light receiver and that detects a photoelectric pulse wave signal, peak detectors that respectively detect the peaks of the electrocardiographic signal and the photoelectric pulse wave signal, a pulse wave transit time clock that obtains a pulse wave transit time from a time difference between the peak of the photoelectric pulse wave signal and the peak of the electrocardiographic signal, a sleep state detector that determines that a user's body has not reached a state suitable for sleep when the pulse wave transit time is less than or equal to a certain threshold, and a forearm heater that increases a temperature of a forearm when it is determined the user's body has not reached a state suitable for sleep.

A method includes: obtaining a desired value for a parameter relevant to the automatic delivery of breathable gas; saving, by the system, the desired parameter value; finding, by the system, an actual value of the parameter; querying, by the system, whether the actual parameter value agrees with the desired parameter value; determining, by the system, that the actual parameter value does not agree with the desired parameter value; adjusting, by the system, a system setting so as to attain the desired parameter value; querying, by the system, whether the actual revised parameter value agrees with the desired parameter value; and repeating, by the system, the steps of determining, adjusting, and querying whether the actual revised parameter value agrees with the desired parameter value until the actual revised parameter value agrees with the desired parameter value.

A system and method for inducing memory-based dreams utilizes synchronized sensory cues and automated sleep phase detection. The system comprises a scent dispensing device with one or more chambers containing distinct scents, each associated with a unique identifier, and bio-sensors that detect user sleep parameters. A neural network processes the bio-sensor data to identify the N1 NREM sleep stage, triggering the coordinated delivery of olfactory and auditory cues associated with a selected memory. The system creates memory-sensory associations by linking specific scents with audio recordings and storing these relationships in a database. During the sleep cycle, embodiments monitor physiological parameters through various sensors, including wearable devices and smartphone sensors, to determine optimal timing for sensory cue delivery. Embodiments may incorporate machine learning algorithms to adapt and optimize cue timing based on user feedback and bio-sensor data, enhancing dream incubation effectiveness over time.

This document describes systems, methods, devices, and other techniques used for improving a sleeper's body thermoregulation during sleep. One aspect is a system, comprising a bed with a heating element and a cooling element and a controller configured to receive a current sleep state of a sleep stage sequence for a user in the bed, when the current sleep state is a non-rapid eye movement (NREM) state, activating the heating element to increase a skin temperature of the user, and when the current sleep state is a rapid eye movement (REM) state, activating the cooling element to decrease the skin temperature of the user.