Methods are proposed to define UE behavior for performing synchronization signal block (SSB) based radio link monitoring (RLM) and channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) based RLM. In a first novel aspect, if CSI-RS based RLM-RS is not QCLed to any CORESET, then UE determines that CSI-RS RLM configuration is error and does not perform RLM accordingly. In a second novel aspect, SSB for RLM and RLM CSI-RS resources are configured with different numerologies. UE perform SSB based RLM and CSI-RS based RLM based on whether the SSB and CSI-RS resources are TDMed configured by the network. In a third novel aspect, when multiple SMTC configurations are configured to UE, UE determines an SMTC period and whether SMTC and RLM-RS are overlapped for the purpose of RLM evaluation period determination.

An assembly line grow pod includes a track extending between a growing region and a sanitizing region, a cart movably engaged with the track, a sanitizer system that applies a sanitizer solution to the cart at the sanitizing region, the sanitizer system including a gray solution tank for storing sanitizer solution runoff collected from the sanitizing region, a watering system that provides water to plant matter on the cart at the growing region, the watering system including an untreated water tank for storing water runoff collected from the growing region, and a flowmeter fluidly coupled to at least one of the sanitizer system and the watering system.

An indoor farming system includes a water-based nutrient bath resident in a tank and a pump for pumping the bath from the tank upwardly through a plurality of pipes to at least one divided high-density table comprising growing crops resting in at least one float. The plurality pipes includes at least one valve suitable to shut off the bath per each of the high density tables. At least one non-block drain is coupled to the at least one divided high-density table. The bath turbulently flows respectively across the at least one divided high-density table, down the at least one non-block drain, and back into the tank that includes the nutrient bath. A lighting system provides moving light from points above the growing crops.

A sub-irrigation bed includes a bottom, a side wall surrounding the bottom, a water inlet, and a water outlet. A plurality of support structures is arranged on an upper surface of the bottom, and tops of at least a part of the plurality of support structures lie in the same horizontal plane. By reducing the contact area between the cultivation container and the surface of the sub-irrigation bed to reduce local water accumulation caused by surface tension, the sub-irrigation bed and the cultivation apparatus using the sub-irrigation bed provided by the present invention solve the problem of water accumulation caused by incomplete drainage and the resulting problems that roots grow out of the cultivation container and seedlings grow irregularly, thereby achieving a good root control effect.

A process for continuously supplying batches of nutrient rich irrigation water to a deep/shallow water culture growing system is disclosed. This system sends pre-dosed nutrient rich volumes one by one after they have dissipated the nutrients into each individual batch. These batches are nutrient ready and help maintain a nutrient level in the larger system by accurately raising nutrient levels to these smaller volumes.

The present invention provides various modular hydroponic growing apparatuses, each having oppositely positioned slats or other compatible surfaces between which is defined an expandable growth channel, wherein at least one of the slats or other compatible surfaces are biased inwardly towards the opposing slat or other compatible surface via a biasing element.

A hydroponic growing system is presented. The system can include multiple growing trays in a vertical arrangement, where a pump supplies the top-most tray and each lower tray is supplied by the overlying tray, and where the plumbing elements for supply and drainage are arranged to one side of the system. The system includes variations to support different crop types within the same system, including removable growing structures for root vegetable, microgreens and supports for vining crops. The system can monitor and adjust the nutrients and other features of the systems water profile to concurrently group multiple crops in differing developing stages.

The disclosure relates to technology for hydroponics. An aspect includes a hydroponic system comprising a tray having a drain opening in a bottom of the tray. The hydroponic system comprises a water re-circulation system configured to re-circulate water containing plant nutrients through the hydroponic system. The water re-circulation system is configured to provide the water containing the plant nutrients to the tray. The tray is configured to convey the water along the bottom the tray to the drain opening, the drain opening configured to drain the water from the tray. The hydroponic system comprises different types of removable growing structures that are configured to provide corresponding different vertical distances between a top of a hydroponic growing medium and the bottom of the tray.

The disclosure relates to technology for hydroponics. One aspect includes a computing system comprising a network interface, and a processor coupled to the network interface. The processor is configured to receive plant observations over the network interface from a plurality of electronic devices. The plant observations are for a type of crop being grown in respective hydroponic systems. The processor is configured is modify a technique for determining a water profile based on the plant observations, the water profile for growing the type of crop in a hydroponic system. The processor is configured to determine a target water profile for growing crops in a target hydroponic system based on the modified technique, the crops in the target hydroponic system include the type of crop. The processor is configured to provide the target water profile over the network interface to a requesting electronic device.

A hydroponic growing system is presented. The system can include multiple growing trays in a vertical arrangement, where a pump supplies the top-most tray and each lower tray is supplied by the overlying tray, and where the plumbing elements for supply and drainage are arranged to one side of the system. The system includes variations to support different crop types within the same system, including removable growing structures for root vegetable, microgreens and supports for vining crops. The system can monitor and adjust the nutrients and other features of the systems water profile to concurrently group multiple crops in differing developing stages.