In general terms present invention proposes a biodegradable packaging material (100). The biodegradable packaging material comprises an inner layer (102) comprising an enhanced polymeric substrate: an outer layer (104) comprising a printable substrate; and a middle layer (106), arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer, comprising at least one functionalized graphene layer, wherein the biodegradable packaging material is suitable for an anaerobic digestion, when disposed. In general terms present invention also proposes a method for manufacturing the biodegradable packaging material.

The present invention provides a cellulose acylate film, containing: an organic acid satisfying requirements of a to c, in which a film thickness of the cellulose acylate film is greater than or equal to 3 m, and an average concentration of the organic acid in a region from one surface of the cellulose acylate film to a depth of 0 to 0.2 m is lower than an average concentration of the organic acid in a residual region other than the region: a: having a structure in which polyhydric alcohol and a polyvalent carboxylic acid are bonded by forming an ester bond; b: the total number of molecules of polyhydric alcohol and a monovalent or more carboxylic acid forming the organic acid being greater than or equal to 3; and c: having at least one non-substituted carboxyl group derived from a polyvalent carboxylic acid.

The present invention provides a cellulose acylate film, containing: an organic acid satisfying requirements of a to c, in which a film thickness of the cellulose acylate film is greater than or equal to 3 m, and an average concentration of the organic acid in a region from one surface of the cellulose acylate film to a depth of 0 to 0.2 m is lower than an average concentration of the organic acid in a residual region other than the region: a: having a structure in which polyhydric alcohol and a polyvalent carboxylic acid are bonded by forming an ester bond; b: the total number of molecules of polyhydric alcohol and a monovalent or more carboxylic acid forming the organic acid being greater than or equal to 3; and c: having at least one non-substituted carboxyl group derived from a polyvalent carboxylic acid.

The invention relates to a polymer film obtainable from the crosslinking reaction between pectin and carboxymethylcellulose in the presence of an organic calcium salt and a plasticiser. The film can comprise zeolite, loaded or not loaded with silver ions. The organic calcium salt is selected from: calcium propionate, calcium acetate, calcium lactate, calcium sorbate, calcium glutamate, calcium oleate, calcium palmitate, calcium laurate, calcium stearate and calcium myristate. The plasticising agent is a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid selected from: oleic acid and palmitic, stearic, lauric, myristic, myristoleic, palmitoleic and linoleic acid; polyethylene glycol; glycerol; glycerol derivatives; and citric acid salts, preferably sodium citrate. The polymer film can be laminated to at least one film/layer of plastic material, possibly biodegradable, or to a layer of paper and used for packaging foods, in particular baked products, with the aim of preserving them and extending their shelf life.

The present invention relates to a grown bioleather (1), which can be used in all sectors where animal skin and artificial leather are used, resembles a genuine leather both physically and optically, does not contain any chemicals, and has cellulose produced by microorganisms as its raw material and production method thereof. With the bioleather production method (100), a bioleather that can be named as vegan leather is obtained, which leather prevents climate change and environmental pollution by reducing carbon emissions and supports sustainable development and green economy. The said bioleather (1) involves a bacterial weaving process, can decompose in soil in a short amount of time, is highly environmentally friendly, flexible and has high tensile strength and high mechanical strength.

The present invention relates to a grown bioleather (1), which can be used in all sectors where animal skin and artificial leather are used, resembles a genuine leather both physically and optically, does not contain any chemicals, and has cellulose produced by microorganisms as its raw material and production method thereof. With the bioleather production method (100), a bioleather that can be named as vegan leather is obtained, which leather prevents climate change and environmental pollution by reducing carbon emissions and supports sustainable development and green economy. The said bioleather (1) involves a bacterial weaving process, can decompose in soil in a short amount of time, is highly environmentally friendly, flexible and has high tensile strength and high mechanical strength.