A laminated glass pane (1) comprises a first glass pane (10A), a second glass pane (10B) and an optically active film (20) laminated between the glass panes. The optically active film comprises a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer separated by at least one intermediate layer. The first and second conductive layers are contacted by a first (12A) and second (12B) connection wire, respectively. The optically active film is fully covered by both glass panes. Both the first and the second connection wires protrude out from the active film passing a first edge (14A) of the first glass pane in a same direction (18). The second glass pane protrudes outside the first edge of the first glass pane in the direction by an off-set distance (16). The off-set distance is at least equal to a smallest width of the first and second connection wires.

A composite cooling film including a reflective nonporous inorganic-particle-filled organic polymeric layer, an ultra-violet-protective layer or layers, and an antisoiling layer.

A method for preparing rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams or rigid polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams in which method the rigid PUR or PIR foam is prepared by reacting a composition (C) comprising: at least one isocyanate-reactive component (B1) having functional groups selected from hydroxyl, amine and thiol groups; at least one isocyanate component (A1) having an average functionality of less than 2.70; and at least one blowing agent [blowing agent (BA), herein after]; with the proviso that the overall average functionality [F.sub.n,avg(A), herein after] of all isocyanate components present in the composition (C) is less than 2.70; wherein the composition (C) is characterized by an isocyanate index X, wherein the rigid PUR or PIR foams are produced by depositing the composition (C) between two gas-tight facing sheets and wherein the rigid PUR or PIR foam is characterized by a difference Δλ between the initial thermal conductivity value λ.sub.ini and the aged thermal conductivity value λ.sub.aged of said rigid PUR or PIR foam wherein: when X≤200 then Δλ<1.35; and when X>200 then Δλ<[6.49−(4.46*F.sub.n,avg(A))−(0.02348*X)+(0.492*F.sub.n,avg(A)*F.sub.n,avg(A))+(0.01343*F.sub.n,avg(A)*X)+0.3].

A resin composition containing: a thermoplastic resin (A) that does not contain a polar group; a thermoplastic resin (B) that contains a polar group; an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (C) having an ethylene content of 20 to 60 mol %; acetic acid and/or a salt thereof (D); an aliphatic carboxylic acid (E) having 3 or more carbon atoms; and an aliphatic carboxylic acid metal salt (F) that is a metal salt of the aliphatic carboxylic acid (E), wherein the content of (A) is 66 to 99 wt. % with respect to the total sum of contents of the resin composition and the content of (C) is 0.1 to 25 wt. % with respect to the total sum of the contents of the resin composition.

A method for electrically controlling a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties enclosed in a glazing unit includes controlling the optical properties by a control unit connected to two transparent flat electrodes of the functional element, and applying a voltage by the control unit between the flat electrodes and the polarity of the voltage is periodically changed. The voltage has a trapezoidal profile and by the control unit an increasing electrical voltage is applied for charging the functional element, the electrical voltage increasing to a first peak value, the electrical voltage is reduced from the first peak value to a final voltage for discharging the functional element, the functional element is charged with the increasing electrical voltage with reversed polarity, wherein the electrical voltage increases to a second peak value, the electrical voltage is reduced from the second peak value to the final voltage for discharging the functional element.

A photovoltaic module includes at least one solar cell, an encapsulant encapsulating the at least one solar cell, a frontsheet juxtaposed with the encapsulant, and backsheet juxtaposed with the encapsulant. The frontsheet includes a glass layer, a polymer layer attached to the glass layer, and an adhesive layer attaching the polymer layer to the glass layer. The backsheet includes a single-layer, moisture-resistant, fire-retardant membrane.

The disclosure provides ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer and/or copolymer based coextruded, multi-layer films, including high barrier films and non-barrier films, and articles of manufacture that include the films, such as flexible bags and containers for flowable materials. The films and articles that include the films have good flex-crak resistance and toughness. The films and articles that include the films have good high barrier properties as the barrier films include a core layer of ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer. The relatively low amount of EVOH copolymer in the total film that is needed to achieve the flex-crack resistance, toughness, and high barrier properties, further allow for the recycling of the films and articles of manufacture.

A film is described comprises a (meth)acrylic polymer and a polyvinyl acetal (e.g. butyral) resin. In some embodiments, the film has a glass transition temperature (i.e. Tg) ranging from 30° C. to 60° C. In some embodiments, the film has a gel content of at least 20% or greater. In some embodiments, the film has an elongation at break of at least 175%. The film typically comprises photoinitiator as a result of the method by which the film was made. The film may be a monolithic film or a layer of a multilayer film.

The present invention relates to an agricultural film (AF) comprising at least one copolyamide, wherein the copolyamide has been prepared by polymerizing at least one lactam and a monomer mixture (M). The present invention further relates to a process for producing the agricultural film (AF) and to the use of the agricultural film (AF) as mulch film, as silage film, as greenhouse film or as silo film.

A method of manufacturing a thin film is provided. The method includes providing a plurality of crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide particles, size-reducing the crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide particles by grinding to produce crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures, and coating the crystalline hexagonal tungsten trioxide nanostructures onto a substrate to produce a thin film. An electrochromic multi-layer stack is also provided.