The invention relates to a layer element comprising three layers A, B and C in the configuration A-B-C wherein layers A and B and layers B and C are in adhering contact with each other, an article, preferably a photovoltaic module, comprising said layer element, a process for preparing said layer element, a process for preparing a photovoltaic module comprising said layer element and the use of said layer element as integrated backsheet element of a photovoltaic module.

A display module manufacturing apparatus includes a stage on which a display module is disposed, a heater disposed on the stage, and configured to heat a first area of the display module, and wherein the heater includes a plurality of side surfaces and a contact surface, and a first bump controller detachably coupled to one side surface among the plurality of side surfaces and including a first bottom surface facing an upper surface of the stage. The contact surface is closer to the upper surface of the stage than the first bottom surface.

In a ceramic/copper/graphene assembly, a ceramic member, a copper member formed of copper or a copper alloy, and a graphene-containing carbonaceous member containing a graphene aggregate are joined. At a joining interface between the copper member and the graphene-containing carbonaceous member, an active metal carbide layer containing a carbide of one or more kinds of active metals selected from Ti, Zr, Nb, and Hf is formed on a side of the graphene-containing carbonaceous member, and a Mg solid solution layer having Mg dissolved in a matrix phase of Cu is formed between the active metal carbide layer and the copper member.

The present invention discloses a polyimide-based composite carbon film with high thermal conductivity and a preparation method therefor. The preparation method includes: uniformly coating the surface of a polyimide-based carbon film with an aqueous graphene oxide solution, and then covering the same with another polyimide-based carbon film uniformly coated with an aqueous graphene oxide solution; repeating such operation; after the polyimide-based carbon films are dried, bonding the polyimide-based carbon films by means of graphene oxide so as to form a thick film; bonding the polyimide-based carbon films more tightly by means of further low-temperature hot pressing; and finally, obtaining a thick polyimide-based carbon film with high thermal conductivity by repairing defects by means of low-temperature heating pre-reduction and high-temperature and high-pressure thermal treatment. The thick polyimide-based carbon film with high thermal conductivity has a thickness greater than 100 μm and an in-plane thermal conductivity of even reaching 1700 W/mK or above.

A method for producing a water-tight, water-vapour-permeable segment, having a three-dimensional contour, for a shoe shaft, an item of clothing or a rucksack or for producing a shoe shaft, an item of clothing or a rucksack, the segment being free of connection points in its surface, and the method for producing the segment being a thermoforming process in which the two-dimensional flat structure obtained is completely laminated in its entirety, the segment being free of connection points in its surface. Also, a water-tight, water-vapour-permeable segment of a three-dimensional functional laminate for introduction into a shoe or shoe shaft, an item of clothing or a rucksack, the segment being dimensionally stable under its own weight, of a single piece and free of connection points in its surface.

Disclosed herein are thermoplastic and thermoset composite materials, which may be used to generate dental appliances such as dental aligners, and methods of preparation and manufacture.

A method for making a layered structure without any defects, including a first support layer, a second support layer, and an adhesive intermediate layer interposed between the first layer and the second layer which is adapted to fix the layers on each other. The intermediate layer embeds operatively at least a three-dimensional macroscopic element being made of crystal glass or precious stones, and the intermediate layer is made of a thermoplastic resin having a melting temperature.

A layered device having two base films, a conductive pattern attached to the first base film facing the second base film and a bonding layer binding the first base film and the second base film together. The bonding layer includes an opening, and the conductive pattern having an exposed portion aligned with the opening in the bonding layer. Further disclosed is a spacer attached to the first base film and the exposed portion of the conductive pattern, wherein the spacer fills at least part of the space created by the opening in the bonding layer. Also disclosed is a method of producing a layered device.

The disclosed composite structure provides a reinforced thermoplastic polymer composite part with a high-quality surface finish. This may be used as a vehicle part or body panel, such as an interior vehicle part or exterior body panel. Additionally, the surface finish may be coloured, such that the surface does not need to be painted or wrapped to achieve a desired surface colour, and the surface may protect inner layers from UV radiation, either by virtue of the material of the surface itself, or the incorporation of a UV-absorbing additive. Specifically, the disclosed composite structure comprises a structural layer comprising reinforcing fibres, such as glass or carbon fibres, and a thermoplastic body polymer. The structure further comprises a surface layer providing a surface finish to the composite structure, the surface layer comprising a thermoplastic surface polymer substantially free from reinforcing fibres.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for manufacturing a multi-layer stack with excellent mechanical strength and thermal insulation properties. A multi-layer stack includes a glass panel unit, an intermediate film, and a transparent plate attached via the intermediate film to the glass panel unit. The glass panel unit includes a first glass panel, a second glass panel, and an evacuated space interposed between the first glass panel and the second glass panel. The method includes assembling the glass panel unit and the transparent plate together via the intermediate film inside an evacuated chamber.