Laminated light-blocking decorative articles are prepared by applying an aqueous foamed opacifying composition to a non-woven fabric, drying, laminating a decorative fabric to the resulting dry foamed opacifying layer, and densifying that layer to have a thickness that is at least 20% less than before densifying. This operation can be carried out so that non-woven fabric, decorative fabric, and aqueous foamed opacifying composition are supplied in a single-pass, in-line operation to make any desired quantity of a laminated light-blocking decorative article. The applied aqueous foamed opacifying composition has 35%-70% solids and a foam density of 0.1-0.5 g/cm.sup.3. It is composed of (a) porous particles, (b) a binder material, (c) two or more additives comprising at least one foaming surfactant and at least one foam stabilizer, (d) an aqueous medium, and (e) at least 0.0001 weight % of an opacifying colorant that absorbs electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 380-800 nm.

Laminated light-blocking decorative articles are prepared by applying an aqueous foamed opacifying composition to a non-woven fabric, drying, laminating a decorative fabric to the resulting dry foamed opacifying layer, and densifying that layer to have a thickness that is at least 20% less than before densifying. This operation can be carried out so that non-woven fabric, decorative fabric, and aqueous foamed opacifying composition are supplied in a single-pass, in-line operation to make any desired quantity of a laminated light-blocking decorative article. The applied aqueous foamed opacifying composition has 35%-70% solids and a foam density of 0.1-0.5 g/cm.sup.3. It is composed of (a) porous particles, (b) a binder material, (c) two or more additives comprising at least one foaming surfactant and at least one foam stabilizer, (d) an aqueous medium, and (e) at least 0.0001 weight % of an opacifying colorant that absorbs electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 380-800 nm.

A wiping sheet having a plurality of nonwoven fabrics that are stacked and bonded together includes cellulose nanofiber that is included in an applied part where adjacent nonwoven fabrics among the nonwoven fabrics are bonded. At least one of the adjacent nonwoven fabrics is a spunlace nonwoven fabric.

Disclosed is a non-flammable thermal insulating composite substrate for motor vehicles including: a textile component constituted by a layer of needle-sewn non-woven fabric composed of a percentage of pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber included between 40% and 70%, preferably 58% and of the remaining percentage of polyethylene glycol-terephthalate fiber, the textile component having weight preferably 400 gr/m.sup.2; and a barrier fixed to the textile component using a spreading process, constituted by a thermoplastic resin based on low density polyethylene added with non-halogen flame retardants, the barrier having weight preferably 100 gr/m.sup.2. The composite substrate has the following features: a thickness included between 2 mm and 5 mm, preferably 3.8 mm; a weight included between 300 gr/m.sup.2 and 700 gr/m.sup.2, preferably 500 gr/m.sup.2; odorless; no emission of fumes; dimensionally stable, even at heatstroke, with a maximum variation of 1%; and non-flammability.

Nonwoven materials providing for low runoff and methods of making the same are provided. Such nonwoven materials can be absorbent and include a three-dimensional pattern on one or more surfaces thereof. Such materials can be airlaid and can include multiple layers, comprised of cellulose fibers and synthetic fibers. The nonwoven material can have a percent runoff of less than about 5%.

Methods of disposing of pharmaceuticals including liquid pharmaceuticals and dissolved solid pharmaceuticals are disclosed. The methods relate to depositing one or more liquid pharmaceuticals into or onto a substrate that includes (a)(i) fibers, or (ii) both fibers and foam, and (b) activated carbon. The substrate adsorbs active pharmaceutical ingredients and absorbs a carrier liquid to facilitate safe disposal of the one or more liquid pharmaceuticals. Pharmaceutical disposal kits suitable for disposing of liquid pharmaceuticals and dissolved solid pharmaceuticals are also disclosed. The pharmaceutical disposal kits include a substrate that (1) includes (a)(i) fibers or (ii) both fibers and foam, and (b) activated carbon, and (2) is capable of adsorbing active pharmaceutical ingredients and absorbing a carrier liquid to facilitate safe disposal of the one or more liquid pharmaceuticals.

Waste disposal substrates are also disclosed. The waste disposal substrates include (a) at least one layer of fibers, (b) at least one layer containing activated carbon; and (c) at least one layer containing superabsorbent particles. Methods of using waste disposal substrates are also disclosed. Methods of using a waste disposal substrate may include contacting a waste disposal substrate with a liquid fluid, the waste disposal substrate containing: (a) at least one layer of fibers, (b) at least one layer containing activated carbon; and (c) at least one layer containing superabsorbent particles. The liquid fluid, or a component of the liquid fluid, is collected, dissolved, adsorbed, inactivated, destroyed, and/or disposed of within the waste disposal substrate.

A thermal insulation and fire protection felt product is provided. The felt product includes a first layer including a first plurality of nonwoven mechanically entangled oxidized polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor fibers bonded together by a first plurality of melted thermoplastic polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fibers homogeneously mixed with the first plurality of mechanically entangled PAN precursor fibers. The first plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers form a matrix of bond points between individual fibers of the first plurality of mechanically entangled PAN fibers. A second layer includes a second plurality of nonwoven mechanically entangled oxidized PAN precursor fibers bonded together by a second plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers homogeneously mixed with the second plurality of mechanically entangled PAN precursor fibers. The second plurality of melted thermoplastic PPS fibers form a matrix of bond points between individual fibers of the second plurality of mechanically entangled PAN fibers.

A radon gas and/or moisture abatement system (or method) is located under the concrete slab of a building. The system (or method) includes a multilayered mat having a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer sandwiched between the first layer and the second layer. The first layer is non-permeable and faces the concrete slab. The third (or sandwiched) layer is an entangled net. The second layer is permeable layer. The layers are bonded together. Whereby radon gas and/or moisture are inhibited from entering the building by passing through and collecting in the multilayer product.

Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to a sealed storage tank. The sealed storage tank includes a polymeric layer having a thickness in a range of from about 0.05 mm to about 1 mm. The sealed storage tank further includes a fibrous scrim layer directly contacting the polymeric layer. The fibrous scrim layer includes a denier value in a range of from about 500 denier to about 1500 denier. The polymeric layer is optionally substantially translucent or transparent and is optionally at least partially visible through the fibrous scrim layer.

Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to a sealed storage tank. The sealed storage tank includes a first film. The first film includes a first polymeric layer having a thickness in a range of from about 0.05 mm to about 1 mm. The first film further includes a first fibrous scrim layer directly contacting the first polymeric layer. The first fibrous scrim layer has a denier value in a range of from about 500 denier to about 1500 denier. The sealed storage tank further includes a second film. The second film includes a second polymeric layer having a thickness in a range of from about 0.05 mm to about 1 mm. The second film further includes a second fibrous scrim layer directly contacting the second polymeric layer. The second fibrous scrim layer has a denier value in a range of from about 500 denier about 1500 denier.