An epoxy resin composition, and a prepreg, a laminate, and a metal foil-clad laminate manufactured using same. The epoxy resin composition comprises epoxy resin (A), phenolic curing agent (B), high molecular weight resin (C), and an optional inorganic filler (D), the high molecular weight resin (C) having the structure shown in formula (1), formula (2), formula (3), and formula (4), the weight-average molecular weight being between 100,000 and 200,000, and the content of the epoxy resin (A) containing a naphthalene ring skeleton and the phenolic curing agent (B) containing a naphthalene ring skeleton being 0%. The present epoxy resin composition, and the prepreg, the laminate, and the metal foil-clad laminate manufactured using same have good heat resistance, low modulus, and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The formulas are:

##STR00001##

Thermoplastic bags include laminates with bonded protrusions. More specifically, one or more implementations include a first thermoplastic film with a plurality of raised rib-like elements extending in a direction perpendicular to a main surface of the first thermoplastic film and second thermoplastic film bonded to the protrusions (e.g., raised rib-like elements or troughs between the raised rib-like elements) of the first thermoplastic film. By bonding a second thermoplastic film to the protrusions of the first thermoplastic film, the resulting laminate has an increased effective gauge or loft. In one or more implementations the second thermoplastic film is a flat film. In alternative implementations, the second thermoplastic film comprises a plurality of raised rib-like elements extending in a direction perpendicular to a main surface of the second thermoplastic film and protrusions of the first thermoplastic film are bonded to protrusions of the second thermoplastic film.

The present invention relates to a laminate film including a resin layer having a thickness of from 10 μm to 125 μm; and a toner layer formed on one surface of the resin layer, in which the resin layer is formed from a resin material having a glass transition temperature of 130° C. or higher, the toner layer has a plurality of voids, and when a value defined by the following formula (S1) using the void area ratio, which represents the ratio of the area of exposed voids, for the respective faces of the surface of the toner layer and a cross section of the toner layer, is designated as porosity, and when two void area ratios respectively corresponding to the cross sections of the toner layer in two orthogonally intersecting directions are used as the void area ratios of the cross sections of the toner layer, the porosities respectively calculated according to the two void area ratios are both from 0.01% to 0.40%.

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{Porosity}.Math..Math.\left(\%\right)=\frac{\mathrm{Void}.Math..Math.\mathrm{area}.Math..Math.\mathrm{ratio}.Math..Math.\mathrm{of}.Math..Math.\mathrm{cross}.Math..Math.\mathrm{section}.Math..Math.\left(\%\right)}{100}\times \frac{\mathrm{Void}.Math..Math.\mathrm{area}.Math..Math..Math.\mathrm{ratio}.Math..Math.\mathrm{of}.Math..Math.\mathrm{surface}.Math..Math.\left(\%\right)}{100}\times 100& \end{array}$

A three dimensional retroreflective article having an outer surface with a reflectivity of at least about 200 lux, and method for making such an article from a thermoformable laminate is provided. The laminate includes a base layer of thermoformable plastic sheet material; and a layer of microbeads configured in a high-density arrangement and silvered on their bottom sides to enhance retroreflectivity. The microbeads are adhered to an outer surface of the base layer by a thermoformable cushion coat which may include a phosphorescent pigment to further enhance reflectivity. A protective sheet of transparent thermoformable sheet material overlies and may be in contact with the layer of microbeads. The laminate is heated and thermoformed into a self supporting three dimensional article having a pre-selected shape and an encapsulated bead retroreflective surface having a reflectivity of at least about 200 lux. The thermoforming step imparts sufficient non-planarity in the resulting retroreflective surface so that retroreflective dead spots created by contact between the microbeads and the protective sheet of transparent sheet material are effectively optically cancelled by overlapping zones of retroreflectivity generated by the microbeads.

A cladding panel comprising a top multi-film layer and a base layer configured for connection to a substrate, the top multi-film layer including at least an external substantially transparent film and a granular film adjacent to the external substantially transparent film. Disclosed are also methods of producing the cladding panel and kits of cladding panels.

A resin composition is provided. The resin composition comprises: (A) a compound having a structure of formula (I), ##STR00001## wherein R.sub.1 is an organic group; and (B) a vinyl-containing elastomer, wherein the weight ratio of the compound having the structure of formula (I) to the vinyl-containing elastomer is 20:1 to 1:1.

Crumb rubber obtained from recycled tires is subjected to an interlinked substitution process. The process utilizes a reactive component that interferes with sulfur bonds. The resulting treated rubber exhibits properties similar to those of the virgin composite rubber structure prior to being granulated, and is suitable for use in fabricating new tires, engineered rubber articles, and asphalt rubber for use in waterproofing and paving applications.

The present disclosure relates to composite materials comprising a resin and at least one sheet that comprise optionally cellulose filaments (CF), fillers and optionally reinforcing fibers as well as methods for the preparation thereof. The methods comprise impregnating the sheets comprising the cellulose filaments, fillers and optionally the reinforcing fibers or a stack thereof with resin. The composite materials can optionally comprise at least one other sheet, the at least one other sheet being different from the at least one sheet and comprising fibers chosen from wood pulp, fiberglass, natural fibers and mixtures thereof. The sheet can also be in the form of a panel of a preform.

This application relates to making magnesium oxychloride boards. A magnesium oxychloride slurry is mixed by directing magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide, at least one phosphate, at least one inorganic salt, and water into a mixer and mixing these ingredients together to form a slurry. At least one filler is then mixed with the slurry. The slurry is directed to a mold. The mold is formed with the slurry to form a magnesium oxychloride board. The magnesium oxychloride board is then cured.

A soil reinforcement membrane that promotes grass, plant, and vegetation growth in a variety of temperatures and geographic locations and increases water retention. The soil reinforcement membrane is flexible enough to be placed on a variety of landscapes and promotes growth in a variety of soils. The soil reinforcement membrane consists of an upper layer and a lower layer with a cultivating compound dispersed uniformly between the two layers.