An insulation medium invention includes a plurality of microspheres. Each microsphere comprises a porous core comprising a porous core material and having an exterior surface, a gas within the porous core, and a coating layer coating all of the exterior surface of the porous core. The coating layer comprises a coating material which transitions from a first state to a second state. In the first state, the coating material is permeable to the gas. In the second state the material is impermeable to the gas. The coating material in the second state is configured to encapsulate and maintain partial vacuum of the gas inside the porous core. In one embodiment, in the second state the coating is impermeable to air. Insulated structures, a method of making an insulation medium, a fluid storage media, and a method of delivering a fluid are also disclosed.

An artificial turf field system is provided. The system may include a plurality of synthetic turf strands attached to a backing layer and an infill material positioned between the synthetic turf stands. The infill material may include a plurality of porous particles. A sub-layer may be included beneath the backing layer, and may be formed of a resilient material. A support layer may be included beneath the sub-layer, and may include materials configured for drainage. The porous particles of the infill material may include porous ceramic particles and the sub-layer may include rubber. The porous particles may be at least partially coated, for example, by a polymer coating. The infill material may be free of sand and/or crumb rubber.

Mycotextiles, methods of making them, methods of processing them, and compositions and apparatuses for making and/or processing them are described herein.

A fluid storage media includes a plurality of microspheres. Each microsphere includes a porous core with a porous core material and having an exterior surface. A stored fluid is within the porous core. A coating layer covers all of the exterior surface of the porous core. The coating layer includes a coating material which transitions from a first state to a second state, wherein in the first state the coating material is permeable to the stored fluid, and in the second state the material is impermeable to the stored fluid. The coating material in the second state is configured to encapsulate and maintain the stored fluid inside the porous core. A method of making a fluid storage media, a method of delivering a fluid and a method of delivering a biologically active fluid medication to a patient are also disclosed.

An artificial turf field system is provided. The system may include a plurality of synthetic turf strands attached to a backing layer and an infill material positioned between the synthetic turf stands. The infill material may include a plurality of porous particles. A sub-layer may be included beneath the backing layer, and may be formed of a resilient material. A support layer may be included beneath the sub-layer, and may include materials configured for drainage. The porous particles of the infill material may include porous ceramic particles and the sub-layer may include rubber. The porous particles may be at least partially coated, for example, by a polymer coating. The infill material may be free of sand and/or crumb rubber.

The present disclosure provides a coating film and a display panel, wherein the coating film includes a tetrafunctional polyurethane acrylate oligomer having a structure as shown below. The coating film according to the present disclosure can enhance the adhesion force to a polymethyl methacrylate film.

A composite material includes a base material and polydopamine adhered to the base material. In an infrared absorption spectrum of the base material to which the polydopamine is adhered, the infrared absorption spectrum being obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, a ratio H.sub.B/H.sub.A satisfies 0.66H.sub.B/H.sub.A1.1, where, in the infrared absorption spectrum, a baseline is defined as a straight line connecting a measured point obtained at 3070 cm.sup.1 to a measured point obtained at 3700 cm.sup.1, H.sub.A represents a perpendicular distance from a measured point obtained at 3380 cm.sup.1 of the infrared absorption spectrum to the baseline, and H.sub.B represents a perpendicular distance from a measured point obtained at 3630 cm.sup.1 of the infrared absorption spectrum to the baseline.

The present invention provides a sheet-like thermal insulating material (flame barrier insulating laminate) that is shapable into a three-dimensional and has excellent handling properties, and a thermal insulating structure with a three-dimensional shape made from the laminate. The flame barrier insulating laminate comprises at least one flame barrier insulating layer and one prepreg layer. The flame barrier insulating layer is made of a sheet having a thickness of 0.1 to 3.0 mm, in which inorganic fibers with a heat resistance temperature of 1000 C. or higher are entangled in a random direction. The prepreg layer is a prepreg sheet in which an inorganic fiber base fabric is impregnated with a semi-cured thermosetting resin. The thermosetting resin of the prepreg layer in the flame barrier insulating laminate is fully cured, resulting in a flame barrier insulating structure with a desired shape.