A storage vessel can include a shell that is formed by fibers wound about an axis and infused with a resin matrix. The resin matrix can include metal nanoparticles coated with a polymer and distributed within a resin. The nanoparticles provide low coefficients of thermal expansion, and the polymer coatings enhance their bonding with the resin The shells of such storage vessels provide increased tensile strength and modulus at both room and cryogenic temperatures. Such improvements stem from the higher interfacial residual thermal stress at cryogenic temperature due to their low thermal expansion properties, which in turn promotes crack branching that increases the energy dissipation of the matrix.

An artificial turf field system is provided. The system may include a plurality of synthetic turf strands attached to a backing layer and an infill material positioned between the synthetic turf stands. The infill material may include a plurality of porous particles. A sub-layer may be included beneath the backing layer, and may be formed of a resilient material. A support layer may be included beneath the sub-layer, and may include materials configured for drainage. The porous particles of the infill material may include porous ceramic particles and the sub-layer may include rubber. The porous particles may be at least partially coated, for example, by a polymer coating. The infill material may be free of sand and/or crumb rubber.

A film includes a polymeric material and a plurality of particles dispersed therein. The polymeric material includes a plurality of elongate polymeric elements oriented along substantially a same first direction and interconnecting the particles. An elongate end portion of at least a first elongate polymeric element in the plurality of elongate polymeric elements conforms and is bonded to a first particle in the plurality of particles along an entire length of the elongate end portion. An elongate mid portion of at least a second elongate polymeric element in the plurality of elongate polymeric elements conforms and is bonded to a second particle in the plurality of particles along an entire length of the elongate mid portion with the second elongate polymeric element extending away from the second particle from opposite ends of the elongate mid portion. Multilayer films and processes are also described.

There are provided a decorative sheet which has excellent weatherability and in which white pigment particles are dispersed well, and a decorative material using the decorative sheet. The decorative sheet includes at least a substrate and a surface protective layer. The surface protective layer contains an ultraviolet absorber, and the substrate contains white pigment particles. The white pigment particles are titanium oxide particles having a coating containing Al element and Si element and formed on part or the whole of their surfaces, and contain Ti, Al and Si elements in the following mass ratio: when Ti is taken as 1, Al is not less than 0.02 and less than 0.20, and Si is more than 0.002 and not more than 0.070.

A filler disposition film that can use a commercially procurable filler material having good particle diameter uniformity, enables high positional precision of the filler disposition, can support even an increase in the surface area, and has a prescribed filler regularly disposed in a long resin film. Moreover, the rate of consistency of disposition of the filler in the filler disposition film in rectangular areas of a prescribed size having a length of 1000 times or more the average particle diameter of the prescribed filler, and a width of 0.2 mm or greater is 90% or greater. Such a rectangular area has a long-side direction that is substantially parallel to the long-side direction of the filler disposition film, and a widthwise direction that is substantially parallel to a short-side direction of the filler disposition film. The average particle diameter of the regularly disposed filler is from 0.4 μm to 100 μm.

A tile for reducing a radar wave reflection from a surface, the tile being a flexible surface sheet which is adhesively attachable to the surface, wherein the flexible surface sheet reduces the radar wave reflection from the surface at a frequency, the frequency being a frequency between 1 GHz and 12 GHz; and, wherein the flexible surface sheet is a laminate of layers, wherein at least one of a top surface and a bottom surface of the flexible surface sheet is adapted to be adhesively attachable to the surface, and wherein the laminate of layers comprises: a first layer comprising a polymer matrix into which a particulate filler is dispersed, wherein the particulate filler has radar absorbing properties; a second layer comprising a polymer matrix, the second layer adjoining the first layer, wherein the polymer matrix of at least one of the first and the second layer is thermoplastic polyurethane.

A filler disposition film that can use a commercially procurable filler material having good particle diameter uniformity, enables high positional precision of the filler disposition, can support even an increase in the surface area, and has a prescribed filler regularly disposed in a long resin film. Moreover, the rate of consistency of disposition of the filler in the filler disposition film in rectangular areas of a prescribed size having a length of 1000 times or more the average particle diameter of the prescribed filler, and a width of 0.2 mm or greater is 90% or greater. Such a rectangular area has a long-side direction that is substantially parallel to the long-side direction of the filler disposition film, and a widthwise direction that is substantially parallel to a short-side direction of the filler disposition film. The average particle diameter of the regularly disposed filler is from 0.4 μm to 100 μm.

An insulation medium invention includes a plurality of microspheres. Each microsphere comprises a porous core comprising a porous core material and having an exterior surface, a gas within the porous core, and a coating layer coating all of the exterior surface of the porous core. The coating layer comprises a coating material which transitions from a first state to a second state. In the first state, the coating material is permeable to the gas. In the second state the material is impermeable to the gas. The coating material in the second state is configured to encapsulate and maintain partial vacuum of the gas inside the porous core. In one embodiment, in the second state the coating is impermeable to air. Insulated structures, a method of making an insulation medium, a fluid storage media, and a method of delivering a fluid are also disclosed.

A composite structure is provided that includes a polymer layer and an auxetic material layer disposed within or partially within the polymer layer. The auxetic material layer provides increased conductivity and elastomeric reinforcement to the polymer layer.

A multilayer membrane comprising at least two co-extruded layers where the two co-extruded layer contain different polymers and one of the two co-extruded layers contains an extrusion additive. Examples of useful extrusion additives may include a nucleating agent or a pore-forming particulate. A method for making the membrane is also disclosed. Using an extrusion additive when co-extruding two different polymers avoids some of the drawbacks associated with processes involving the co-extrusion of different polymers, particularly processes where a co-extruded non-porous precursor is later stretched to form pores. For example, the drawback of lower permeability, difficulty to make lower Gurley, and splittiness may be improved.