A method for preparing a metal part pressurized under isentropic, shock-type or compression-type, uniaxial deformation conditions, so as to measure the temperature of same by optical pyrometry. The method includes forming an emissive coating on a face of the metal part, having a thickness of 250 to 550 nm, and fixing an anvil-shaped window on the emissive coating. The emissive coating includes a first and a second layer of amorphous carbon, the first layer being inserted between the face of the metal part and the second layer, and having a carbon hybridization rate sp.sup.3 greater than the carbon hybridization rate sp.sup.3 of the second layer. A method for measuring, by optical pyrometry, the temperature of a metal part pressurized under isentropic, shock-type or compression-type, uniaxial deformation conditions.

A laminate can include one or more thermally-insulative layers, each having a thermal conductivity that is less than or equal to 0.05 W/m.Math.K, wherein the laminate has a thickness that is less than or equal to 500 m and a thermal diffusivity that is less than or equal to 0.10 mm.sup.2/s. The laminate can include an adhesive layer, wherein aback surface of the laminate is at least partially defined by the adhesive layer or a liner layer that is removably disposed on the adhesive layer. The laminate can include a protective layer that defines at least a portion of a front surface of the laminate, wherein the protective layer has a thermal conductivity that is at least 3.5 times the thermal conductivity of each of the thermally-insulative layer(s).

The invention provides hydrophobic silica wet gel, hydrophobic silica aerogel, and methods that can be used to form an enhanced hydrophobic silica aerogel sheet having an advantageous combination of properties. Some embodiments of the invention provide a hydrophobic silica aerogel having advantageous properties, such as desirable performance on visible transmission, haze, or both.

A method for preparing a metal part pressurised under isentropic, shock-type or compression-type, uniaxial deformation conditions, so as to measure the temperature of same by optical pyrometry. The method includes forming an emissive coating on a face of the metal part, having a thickness of 250 to 550 nm, and fixing an anvil-shaped window on the emissive coating. The emissive coating includes a first and a second layer of amorphous carbon, the first layer being inserted between the face of the metal part and the second layer, and having a carbon hybridisation rate sp.sup.3 greater than the carbon hybridisation rate sp.sup.3 of the second layer. A method for measuring, by optical pyrometry, the temperature of a metal part pressurised under isentropic, shock-type or compression-type, uniaxial deformation conditions.

A composite sheet includes a graphite layer, a heat insulation layer including a fiber and a heat insulation material and a fiber layer located between the graphite layer and the heat insulation layer, wherein the fiber layer comprises the fiber. An electronic apparatus includes an electronic component that involves heat generation, a housing and the composite sheet, wherein the composite sheet is placed between the electronic component and the housing.

Composite materials with few or no void defects are described. The composites can include nanoporous network materials. Methods and systems for the fabrication of the composite materials are generally described. According to certain embodiments, composite materials are fabricated without the use of an autoclave or low pressure environments. The composite may comprise: a polymer matrix including: a plurality of fibers; and a nanoporous material adjacent at least a portion of the fibers or the polymer matrix

The present disclosure can provide aerogel compositions which have a thermal storage capacity, and which are durable and easy to handle. The present disclosure can provide aerogel compositions which include PCM coatings, particle mixtures, or PCM materials confined within the porous network of an aerogel composition. The present disclosure can provide methods for producing aerogel compositions by coating an aerogel composition with PCM materials, by forming particle mixtures with PCM materials, or by confining PCM materials within the porous network of an aerogel composition.

A thermoplastic sandwich panel comprising a core layer arranged between a first and a second face sheet. wherein the core layer is a thermoplastic foam made of a polymer having a glass transition temperature (core Tg) wherein the face sheets comprise a thermoplastic based matrix polymer (TBMP) and reinforcing fibres: wherein the thermoplastic based matrix polymer has a glass transition temperature (TBMP Tg) equal to or lower than the core Tg.

An aerogel composite having an excellent level of thermal insulation even when compressed and deformed under application of pressure resulting from various causes is provided. The aerogel composite can be used as a thermal insulation material for batteries, electronic devices, automobiles, industrial equipment, structures, or the like.

The present invention provides articles and methods related to insulation panels made from aerogels, and specifically polyimide based aerogels. Such insulation panels have a wide variety of applications, including specifically in aerospace applications.