In alternative embodiments, provided are products of manufacture and kits, and methods, for delivering macromolecules, including nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA, including genes and protein-encoding nucleic acids, to the skin, or the dermis or epidermis, and mucosa. In alternative embodiments, provided are products of manufacture and kits, and methods, for detecting macromolecules, including nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA, including genes and protein-encoding nucleic acids, in skin, epidermal or mucosal cells. In alternative embodiments, exemplary products of manufacture are physically flexible nanodelivery devices that are wearable, e.g., they can be worn as patches on the skin or mucosa. In alternative embodiments, nanodelivery devices provided herein are fabricated in a microelectrodemicrofluidicnanochannel configuration which can precisely deliver cargo into the touched cells upon localized and safe-voltage electroporation. The on-skin electroporation can be wirelessly powered and controlled via on-chip near field communication (NFC) module. An accessory skin sensor can be simultaneously implemented on the same chip for skin impedance detection at the same time.

A pavement repair system is provided utilizing solid phase auto regenerative cohesion and homogenization by liquid asphalt oligopolymerization technologies. The system is suitable for use in repairing asphalt pavement, including pavement exhibiting a high degree of deterioration (as manifested in the presence of potholes, cracks, ruts, or the like) as well as pavement that has been subject to previous repair and may comprise a substantial amount of dirt and other debris (e.g., chipped road paint or other damaged or disturbed surfacing materials). A system utilizing homogenization by liquid asphalt oligopolymerization is suitable for rejuvenating or repairing aged asphalt, thereby improving properties of the paving material.

Electrochemical cells, and more specifically, release systems for the fabrication of electrochemical cells are described. In particular, release layer arrangements, assemblies, methods and compositions that facilitate the fabrication of electrochemical cell components, such as electrodes, are presented. In some embodiments, methods of fabricating an electrode involve the use of a release layer to separate portions of the electrode from a carrier substrate on which the electrode was fabricated. For example, an intermediate electrode assembly may include, in sequence, an electroactive material layer, a current collector layer, a release layer, and a carrier substrate. The carrier substrate can facilitate handling of the electrode during fabrication and/or assembly, but may be released from the electrode prior to commercial use.

A method for thinning a fingerprint identification module includes the steps of: providing at least one fingerprint identification module, wherein the fingerprint identification module includes a glass substrate and a plurality of laminated fingerprint identification members; providing a protective layer on each laminated fingerprint identification member; providing a dissociable sealant around each laminated fingerprint identification member and the protective layer of the fingerprint identification module and being adhered to support plate to form a carrier plate to be etched; etching the carrier plate to be etched and allowing an etching solution to etch the glass substrate until a thickness to be thinned is etched to form a semi-finished carrier plate; dissociating the dissociable sealant of the semi-finished carrier plate to reduce its viscosity; and removing the support plate, the dissociable sealant and the protective layer to complete a finished product of the thinned fingerprint identification module.

A laminated resin film, comprising a first resin film, and a second resin film laminated on/over at least one surface of the first resin film to interpose an adhesive layer between the surface and the second resin film, wherein an adhesion surface of at least one of the first resin film and the second resin film comprises a compound represented by general formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein X is a functional group containing a reactive group, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, aryl group or heterocyclic group that may have a substituent, and the compound represented by the general formula (1) is interposed at either one or both of a position between the first resin film and the adhesive layer, and a position between the second resin film and the adhesive layer.

A panel assembly is formed by a plurality of bonds between two sheet materials in a face to face relationship to form a preform. The plurality of bonds define a closed perimeter region between the two sheet materials and an open perimeter region between the two sheet materials. The preform may be formed into a predefined shape. Pressurized fluid is applied through an inlet into the open perimeter region to expand the preform. The pressurized fluid expands the open perimeter region such that the two sheet materials expand in an opposing direction, thereby defining an expanded open perimeter region. The closed perimeter region between the two sheet materials remains vacant of the pressurized fluid such that the closed perimeter region is not expanded. The expanded open perimeter region is filled with a filler material for improving a performance characteristic of the panel assembly, e.g., strength, sound absorption, or stiffness.

The disclosure relates to a method for separating a layer from a composite structure, the structure comprising a composite stack formed from at least a support substrate, which is partially transparent at a determined wavelength, the layer to be separated and a separation layer interposed between the support substrate and the layer to be separated, the method comprising irradiation of the separation layer through the support substrate by means of incident light ray at the determined wavelength in order to induce weakening or separation by exfoliation of the separation layer, the light ray being inclined so as to form an angle of incidence such that >.sub.min, where .sub.min=sin.sub.1((.sup.n1/n.sub.0)sin(tan.sup.1(s/2h))), n1 and n0, respectively, being the refractive index of the support substrate and the refractive index of the external medium in contact with the support substrate, from which the ray comes, S being the width of the ray and h being the thickness of the support substrate.

A curing type adhesive composition for polarization film, contains an active energy ray curable component (X), at least one organometallic compound (A) selected from the group consisting of a metal alkoxide and a metal chelate, and a polymerizable compound (B) having a polymerizable functional group and a carboxyl group. It is preferred that a metal of the organometallic compound (A) is titanium. The curing type adhesive composition for polarizing film preferably contains, as the organometallic compound (A), the metal alkoxide, and an organic group which the metal alkoxide has having three or more carbon atoms. The curing type adhesive composition for polarizing film contains, as the organometallic compound (A), the metal chelate, an organic group which the metal chelate has having four or more carbon atoms.

A panel assembly is formed by a plurality of bonds between two sheet materials in a face to face relationship to form a preform. The plurality of bonds define a closed perimeter region between the two sheet materials and an open perimeter region between the two sheet materials. The preform may be formed into a predefined shape. Pressurized fluid is applied through an inlet into the open perimeter region to expand the preform. The pressurized fluid expands the open perimeter region such that the two sheet materials expand in an opposing direction, thereby defining an expanded open perimeter region. The closed perimeter region between the two sheet materials remains vacant of the pressurized fluid such that the closed perimeter region is not expanded. The expanded open perimeter region is filled with a filler material for improving a performance characteristic of the panel assembly, e.g., strength, sound absorption, or stiffness.

When conventional photo-reactive compounds are to be liquefied with the application of light, liquefaction thereof is time-consuming due to poor sensitivity to ultraviolet light. In the case of conventional photo-reactive compounds, disadvantageously, light does not penetrate through layers to be adhered to each other when such layers are thick. Thus, peeling is not sufficiently performed. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to overcome such drawbacks of conventional photo-reactive compounds and provide a photo-reactive adhesive agent exhibiting high sensitivity to light for fluidization and capable of easy peeling. This invention provides a photo-reactive pressure-sensitive adhesive agent comprising, as a main component, a polymeric compound with a weight average molecular weight of 3,000 to 800,000 represented by General Formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein A represents a block polymer of monomers represented by Formula (2) below with a molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000; and B represents a block polymer with a molecular weight of 1,000 to 400,000 having a glass transition point and a melting point of 20 C. or lower, which is liquid or plastically deformable at room temperature, provided that B does not absorb light of a wavelength range of 350 to 600 nm by itself:

##STR00002##

wherein R.sub.1 represents a group having an azobenzene structure represented by Formula (3) below; n is an integer of 2 to 18; m is an integer of 0 to 16; and R.sub.2 represents hydrogen or a methyl group.

##STR00003##