The present invention pertains to medicament for use in preventing or treating irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease, the medicament comprising as an active ingredient a compound having a P2X4 receptor antagonistic action, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising thymol and at least one amino acid for use in the preventive and/or curative treatment of inflammatory or functional diseases or symptoms of the intestinal tract by modulating the receptors and/or enzymes of the endocannabinoid system in mammalian or non-mammalian monogastric subjects, such as human subjects, pigs, poultry animals, fish or crustaceans.

The present invention relates to a novel proteolytically active polypeptide and various uses of the polypeptide (and others) in screening and manufacturing methods.

Disclosed herein are immunoglobulin fusion proteins comprising a first antibody region, a first therapeutic agent, and a first connecting peptide; wherein the first therapeutic agent is attached to the first antibody region by the connecting peptide; and wherein the connecting peptide does not comprise a region having beta strand secondary structure. The connecting peptide may comprise an extender peptide. The extender peptide may have an alpha helical secondary structure. The connecting peptide may comprise a linker peptide. The linker peptide may not comprise any secondary structure. Also disclosed herein are compositions comprising the immunoglobulin fusion proteins and methods for using the immunoglobulin fusion proteins for the treatment or prevention of a disease or condition in a subject.

The invention relates to an indole derivative shown in general formula (I-1) and its use in preparing drugs for preventing and/or treating indications of S1P receptor related disorders. The indole derivative of the invention is replaced by R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 at different sites respectively, and the obtained modified indole derivative has excellent biological activity and is an ideal S1P receptor regulator with high efficiency. Compounds of general formula (I-1) can be used to treat and/or prevent Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, alopecia areata, primary cholangitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, graft-versus-host disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type I diabetes arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, scleroderma, autoimmune hepatitis, acne, microbial infection, viral infection, and other autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

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The invention relates to an indole derivative shown in general formula (I-1) and its use in preparing drugs for preventing and/or treating indications of S1P receptor related disorders. The indole derivative of the invention is replaced by R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 at different sites respectively, and the obtained modified indole derivative has excellent biological activity and is an ideal S1P receptor regulator with high efficiency. Compounds of general formula (I-1) can be used to treat and/or prevent Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, alopecia areata, primary cholangitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, graft-versus-host disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type I diabetes arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, scleroderma, autoimmune hepatitis, acne, microbial infection, viral infection, and other autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

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Described herein is a novel nanocomposite for oral administration for treatment of gastrointestinal disease, e.g., IBD, or injury. The nanocomposite contains nanoemulsion particles (NEs), loaded with an active therapeutic agent, that are then combined with a second component containing a self-assembling peptide(s) (SAP) or peptidomimetic(s) (optionally, the second component is in a powder form). Upon administration, when hydrated at slightly acidic or near-neutral pH, the system self-assembles into a hydrogel matrix enveloping NEs, which then adheres to, and more efficiently delivers, the active agent to the intestinal tract of a treated subject. The nanocomposite can be administered in a capsule dosage form that forms a depot in the stomach or post-stomach.

Described herein is a novel nanocomposite for oral administration for treatment of gastrointestinal disease, e.g., IBD, or injury. The nanocomposite contains nanoemulsion particles (NEs), loaded with an active therapeutic agent, that are then combined with a second component containing a self-assembling peptide(s) (SAP) or peptidomimetic(s) (optionally, the second component is in a powder form). Upon administration, when hydrated at slightly acidic or near-neutral pH, the system self-assembles into a hydrogel matrix enveloping NEs, which then adheres to, and more efficiently delivers, the active agent to the intestinal tract of a treated subject. The nanocomposite can be administered in a capsule dosage form that forms a depot in the stomach or post-stomach.

A proteolytically active polypeptide comprising an acid sequence having at least 50% sequence identity with the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 with the proviso that the polypeptide does not comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. A nucleic acid encoding the polypeptide. An antibody specifically binding to the polypeptide. A method for the manufacture of a proteolytically processed polypeptide comprising contacting a first polypeptide having at least 50% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1 with a second polypeptide that is susceptible to proteolysis by said first polypeptide.

The present invention relates, in various embodiments, to formulations comprising hydrocortisone and silicon dioxide. In additional embodiments, the invention relates to suppositories comprising hydrocortisone and silicon dioxide. The formulations of the present invention are useful for administration to patients who have gastrointestinal diseases and disorders such as, for example, inflammatory bowel disease.