The invention relates to a method to improve breeding in dioecious plants, preferably Asparagus plants, comprising providing a plant in which the functional expression of the dominant suppressor of gynoecium development is disrupted or reduced and introducing said plant in inbreeding, backcross breeding, recurrent backcross breeding or double haploid breeding techniques. Preferably said dominant suppressor of gynoecium development is a gene comprising a DUF247 domain. Also provided are dioeciuos plants in which the expression of this gene is disrupted or reduced.

The invention relates to a method to improve breeding in dioecious plants, preferably Asparagus plants, comprising providing a plant in which the functional expression of the dominant suppressor of gynoecium development is disrupted or reduced and introducing said plant in inbreeding, backcross breeding, recurrent backcross breeding or double haploid breeding techniques. Preferably said dominant suppressor of gynoecium development is a gene comprising a DUF247 domain. Also provided are dioeciuos plants in which the expression of this gene is disrupted or reduced.

A method of weed control is provided. The method comprises artificially pollinating at least one weed species of interest with pollen of the same species that reduces fitness of said at least one weed species of interest. Also provided are compositions and kits which can be used for performing the methods described herein.

A method of weed control is provided. The method comprises artificially pollinating at least one weed species of interest with pollen of the same species that reduces fitness of said at least one weed species of interest. Also provided are compositions and kits which can be used for performing the methods described herein.

The present invention belongs to the field of plant genetic engineering. Specifically, the invention relates to a method for base editing in plants. More particularly, the invention relates to a method for performing efficient base editing to a target sequence in the genome of a plant (such as a crop plant) by a Cas9-cytidine deaminase fusion protein, as well as plants produced through said method and progenies thereof.

An artificial gene has a .sup.15N abundance exceeding a natural abundance in bases of at least a portion of DNA. A method for mutating a gene includes a first step of producing a state in which .sup.15N is unevenly distributed into a prescribed DNA in a living cell; and a second step of irradiation with a proton beam at an energy at which the .sup.15N produces a resonant nuclear reaction.

An artificial gene has a .sup.15N abundance exceeding a natural abundance in bases of at least a portion of DNA. A method for mutating a gene includes a first step of producing a state in which .sup.15N is unevenly distributed into a prescribed DNA in a living cell; and a second step of irradiation with a proton beam at an energy at which the .sup.15N produces a resonant nuclear reaction.

The present invention provides a plant body containing a compound represented by Formula (1), or a salt or a hydrate thereof:

##STR00001##

[in the formula: (i) R.sub.1 represents Xyl(1-2)Glc1- and R.sub.2 represents Glc(1-2)[Glc(1-3)]Glc1- or (ii) R.sub.1 represents Glc(1-2)[Glc(1-3)]Glc1- and R.sub.2 represents Xyl(1-2)[Glc(1-3)]Glc1- (where Glc stands for glucose and Xyl stands for xylose)].

The present invention provides a plant body containing a compound represented by Formula (1), or a salt or a hydrate thereof:

##STR00001##

[in the formula: (i) R.sub.1 represents Xyl(1-2)Glc1- and R.sub.2 represents Glc(1-2)[Glc(1-3)]Glc1- or (ii) R.sub.1 represents Glc(1-2)[Glc(1-3)]Glc1- and R.sub.2 represents Xyl(1-2)[Glc(1-3)]Glc1- (where Glc stands for glucose and Xyl stands for xylose)].

The chloroplast vesiculation (CV) gene encodes a protein associated with stress-induced chloroplast degradation. Inhibiting expression or activity of the protein inhibits or delays stress-induced chloroplast degradation and confers tolerance to a variety of stress conditions. Alternatively, enhancing CV expression or activity promotes chloroplast degradation and enhances nutrient assimilation in desired sink tissues, such as young leaves, fruit, or seeds.