The present invention provides an ATP hydrolyzing enzyme, a nucleic acid encoding an ATP hydrolyzing enzyme, or host cells, microorganisms, such as bacteria, or viral particles comprising such nucleic acids encoding an ATP hydrolyzing enzyme for use in the treatment of dysbiosis or a dysbiosis-related disease.

The present invention provides an ATP hydrolyzing enzyme, a nucleic acid encoding an ATP hydrolyzing enzyme, or host cells, microorganisms, such as bacteria, or viral particles comprising such nucleic acids encoding an ATP hydrolyzing enzyme for use in the treatment of dysbiosis or a dysbiosis-related disease.

The present disclosure relates to methods of feeding animals by providing feed additives that modulate the gut microbiome to improve the health, nutrition, and growth performance. The present disclosure further relates to methods of modulating metabolites present in the gastrointestinal tract of an animal. Such modulation includes, for example, modulating the level said metabolites.

The present invention provides a diaminopyrimidine derivative or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a process for the preparation thereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, and a use thereof. The diaminopyrimidine derivative or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt functions as a 5-HT.sub.4 receptor agonist, and therefore can be usefully applied for preventing or treating dysfunction in gastrointestinal motility, one of the gastrointestinal diseases, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), constipation, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), dyspepsia, post-operative ileus, delayed gastric emptying, gastroparesis, intestinal pseudo-obstruction, drug-induced delayed transit, or diabetic gastric atony.

The present disclosure relates to a composition and a kit for colonization of external probiotics in the gut through bioorthogonal click chemistry. The composition or kit for colonization of external probiotics in the gut according to the present disclosure has the effects of overcoming colonization resistance, which is the limitation of existing external probiotics caused by physical discharge and indigenous bacteria, by linking surface-modified external probiotics to the intestinal mucosa into which a bioorthogonal functional group has been introduced, and beneficially changing the intestinal environment by long-term colonization of various external probiotics, such as lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, and yeast. Accordingly, the present disclosure is expected to be effectively used for the development of various medicines and functional foods using probiotics.

The present disclosure relates to a composition and a kit for colonization of external probiotics in the gut through bioorthogonal click chemistry. The composition or kit for colonization of external probiotics in the gut according to the present disclosure has the effects of overcoming colonization resistance, which is the limitation of existing external probiotics caused by physical discharge and indigenous bacteria, by linking surface-modified external probiotics to the intestinal mucosa into which a bioorthogonal functional group has been introduced, and beneficially changing the intestinal environment by long-term colonization of various external probiotics, such as lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, and yeast. Accordingly, the present disclosure is expected to be effectively used for the development of various medicines and functional foods using probiotics.

The present invention relates to certain PDE2 inhibitory compounds, in free or salt form, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and methods for the treatment of PDE2 mediated disorders.

A method of improving microbiome within an animal can comprise administering to the animal a composition comprising a probiotic and psyllium, wherein the probiotic comprises at least one of any suitable strain or subspecies of Enterococcus. Compositions containing a probiotic and psyllium are also provided herein.

A method of improving microbiome within an animal can comprise administering to the animal a composition comprising a probiotic and psyllium, wherein the probiotic comprises at least one of any suitable strain or subspecies of Enterococcus. Compositions containing a probiotic and psyllium are also provided herein.

The present invention provides an Actinidia chinensis Planch ferment and the use thereof in a composition for increasing the antioxidant activity, increasing the anti-glycation activity, increasing the activity of proteolytic enzymes, improving the gastrointestinal dyspepsia, and increasing the gastrointestinal flora diversity. The Actinidia chinensis Planch ferment is prepared by fermenting Actinidia chinensis Planch extract with yeast, lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria in a three-staged fermentation.