The present disclosure encompasses compositions prepared from kiwifruit. In particular, the invention encompasses compositions prepared from gold varieties of Actinidia chinensis. Also encompassed are methods of preparing these compositions. Further encompassed are methods of using these compositions, in particular, for treating or preventing disorders of the gastrointestinal system, including amongst others: inflammation, constipation, bowel irregularity, microbiota imbalances, irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease.

The present invention relates to a composition and method for combinative therapy, capable of temporarily regulating inherent dysfunctional neural processes and reducing symptoms and/or signs of neuropsychiatric disorders including, but not limited to, psychostimulant use disorder (PUD) and other substance-related additive disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma- and stress-related disorders, and levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) and other types of dyskinesias. The present specification shows specific examples of a dosage form.

The present invention relates generally to medicine. More specifically the invention relates to the use of synergistic probiotic bacteria as intervention for health. In particular, the present invention provides a strain of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and a bacterial strain which has one or more of the characteristics of: (i) being acetate producing, (ii) being lactate consuming and (iii) having the ability to be an electron acceptor, for use in the treatment or prevention of a disease associated with reduced butyrate levels or a disease associated with reduced or low numbers of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii bacteria.

As a drug substance, a crystal having good physical properties is preferable. However, the crystal form that is most excellent as a drug substance may vary with the compound. In general, it is difficult to predict a crystal form of a drug substance having good physical properties, and it is required to variously examine each compound. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a crystal having good physical properties as a drug substance for a novel compound or a salt thereof.

The present invention relates to a crystal of the compound represented by the following formula (I) or a salt thereof useful for the treatment of an inflammatory bowel disease.

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As a drug substance, a crystal having good physical properties is preferable. However, the crystal form that is most excellent as a drug substance may vary with the compound. In general, it is difficult to predict a crystal form of a drug substance having good physical properties, and it is required to variously examine each compound. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a crystal having good physical properties as a drug substance for a novel compound or a salt thereof.

The present invention relates to a crystal of the compound represented by the following formula (I) or a salt thereof useful for the treatment of an inflammatory bowel disease.

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Disclosed are nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides that can be administered to individuals including preterm infants, infants, toddlers, and children for improving gastrointestinal function and tolerance, as well as the growth of beneficial bacteria. Additional suitable methods of using the nutritional compositions including the human milk oligosaccharides are also disclosed.

The invention described herein provides for methods and systems for determining, selecting, and/or treating diseases and conditions caused by or associated with high quantities of methanogens in a subject, or diseases and conditions caused by or associated with low quantities of methanogens in a subject. In various embodiments, a therapy to inhibit the growth of methanogens or to promote the growth of methanogens are selected and/or administered to a subject in need thereof.

The present invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising at least two human milk oligosaccharides, for use to decrease the concentration of detrimental proteolytic metabolites (e.g. branched short chain fatty acids) in the digestive tract in an infant or a young child.

The present invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising at least two human milk oligosaccharides, for use to decrease the concentration of detrimental proteolytic metabolites (e.g. branched short chain fatty acids) in the digestive tract in an infant or a young child.

Disclosed are nutritional compositions including 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) in combination with lutein and RRR-alpha-tocopherol. The nutritional compositions are useful for improving at least one of gut function, health, and development in an individual. In certain embodiments, the nutritional compositions can improve growth or maturation of the gut, as well as promote a healthy balance of beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract thereby treating and/or preventing formula intolerance or other gastrointestinal diseases and/or disorders resulting from suboptimal gastrointestinal flora population/balance.