A nutrition formula milk powder for infants after congenital heart disease surgery or non-cardiac surgery and critically ill infants in intensive care. The nutrition formula milk powder has an energy to protein ratio of 55-60 kcal:3.0-4.0 g/100 ml.

Cysteine compositions comprising less than about 400 μg/L of aluminum. For example, solutions of cysteine comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, cysteine, and less than about 145 μg/L of aluminum, wherein the solution is devoid of visible particulate matter. Cysteine compositions described herein may be suitable for injection. For example, disclosed cysteine solutions may be provided intravenously to meet amino acid nutritional requirement in individuals receiving total parenteral nutrition. Also provided are processes for preparing cysteine compositions, and methods for providing cysteine to individuals in need thereof.

Cysteine compositions comprising less than about 400 μg/L of aluminum. For example, solutions of cysteine comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, cysteine, and less than about 145 μg/L of aluminum, wherein the solution is devoid of visible particulate matter. Cysteine compositions described herein may be suitable for injection. For example, disclosed cysteine solutions may be provided intravenously to meet amino acid nutritional requirement in individuals receiving total parenteral nutrition. Also provided are processes for preparing cysteine compositions, and methods for providing cysteine to individuals in need thereof.

Pediatric and modified release dosage forms of vitamin D compounds, and methods of making and using the dosage forms, are disclosed.

A kit for supporting health of a user throughout the user's menstrual cycle may include at least two daily supplements of a first type, and at least two daily supplements of a second type, the second type different from the first type, wherein the daily supplements of the first type and the daily supplements of the second type are packaged in a single kit according to menstrual cycle phase. A method for supporting health of a user throughout the user's menstrual cycle may include providing at least two daily supplements of a first type, providing at least two daily supplements of a second type, and instructing the user to ingest the daily supplements of the first type during at least two days of a first time period of the menstrual cycle, and to ingest the daily supplements of the second type during at least two days of a second time period of the menstrual cycle.

The invention herein relates generally to enhancing the survival and activity of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri strains in mammals by pre-conditioning L. reuteri with GOS during cultivation and to a surprisingly high symbiotic effect of such a pre-conditioned probiotic L. reuteri strain when administered together with GOS further added in the composition. The invention therefore comprises methods for cultivating and manufacturing probiotic L. reuteri strains, and preparing products containing such pre-conditioned strains in combination with additional amounts of GOS. In more detail the present invention relates to a probiotic composition comprising a probiotic L. reuteri strain, obtained by a step of growing the bacteria in a medium comprising GOS, and administering the pre-conditioned bacteria together with further GOS in the final product. The inventors have found that such method induces surprisingly high and unexpected symbiotic beneficial effects of the probiotic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. The probiotic composition also induces an increased calcium and iron solubility.

The invention herein relates generally to enhancing the survival and activity of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri strains in mammals by pre-conditioning L. reuteri with GOS during cultivation and to a surprisingly high symbiotic effect of such a pre-conditioned probiotic L. reuteri strain when administered together with GOS further added in the composition. The invention therefore comprises methods for cultivating and manufacturing probiotic L. reuteri strains, and preparing products containing such pre-conditioned strains in combination with additional amounts of GOS. In more detail the present invention relates to a probiotic composition comprising a probiotic L. reuteri strain, obtained by a step of growing the bacteria in a medium comprising GOS, and administering the pre-conditioned bacteria together with further GOS in the final product. The inventors have found that such method induces surprisingly high and unexpected symbiotic beneficial effects of the probiotic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. The probiotic composition also induces an increased calcium and iron solubility.

Devices, systems, and methods described herein can provide a simulated fluid environment similar to the mother's womb to recreate an ideal or more familiar environment for infants who are born before their ideal due date. In some embodiments, the premature infant amniotic bath incubator can comprise an incubating tank with synthetic or simulated amniotic fluid, a heating element(s), a temperature sensor(s), and/or thermostat(s) for temperature regulation.

A rapidly infusing composition that includes (a) a pharmaceutically acceptable binder and/or excipient system containing gelatin and mannitol, and (b) active therapeutic ingredient (ATI). Preferred rapidly infusing compositions are those formulated with nicotine or a derivative/analog thereof as the ATI. A method of administering an ATI such as nicotine or a derivative/analog thereof, to a subject is also disclosed. The subject is administered the rapidly infusing composition via the oral mucosa, for example, to reduce the subject's usage of more harmful nicotine delivery methods and/or nicotine withdrawal symptoms.

Among others, the present invention provides a liposome comprising an active ingredient and one membrane or one inner membrane and one outer membrane. Each membrane comprises a plurality of lipid molecules, and the active ingredient is entrapped inside the interior space defined by the membrane or the inner membrane, or embodied in the membrane or membranes and form a part of the membrane(s).