A light emitting chip including: a substrate that is provided with a first semiconductor laminate part, a tunnel junction layer or a metallic electrically conductive group III-V compound layer, and a second semiconductor layer. The first semiconductor laminate part includes light emitting elements. The tunnel junction layer or the metallic electrically conductive group III-V compound layer is provided on the first semiconductor laminate part. The second semiconductor layer is provided on the tunnel junction layer or the group III-V compound layer, and includes a driving portion. The driving portion includes setting thyristors and drives the light emitting elements to make the light emitting elements be able to shift to an ON state sequentially.

An image forming apparatus includes: a rotatable photoconductor; an exposure portion including a substrate on which a plurality of chips each including a plurality of light emitting portions that emit light for exposing the photoconductor is mounted, and a support portion configured to support the substrate; a fan configured to generate an airflow for cooling the exposure portion; and a duct configured to communicate with the fan and to communicate with the support portion to guide the airflow generated by the fan to the substrate.

An image forming apparatus includes: a photoconductor; a charging portion that charges a surface of the photoconductor; an exposure portion including a substrate including a plurality of light emitting portions for exposing the photoconductor; a developing portion that develops a latent image formed on the surface of the photoconductor with toner; a fan that generates an airflow for cooling the exposure portion; and a duct that communicates with the fan and communicates with the support portion, the duct guiding the airflow generated by the fan to the substrate; in which a part of the duct is formed by a charging support portion that supports the charging portion, a developing support portion that supports the development, and a duct portion, and a space between the duct portion and the charging support portion and a space between the duct portion and the developing support portion are sealed by a sealing member.

A system for forming a structure on a print medium 1 includes: a print unit (print device) 10 for printing an electromagnetic wave-heat conversion layer for converting electromagnetic waves into heat, on a medium including an expansion layer that expands by heating; an expansion unit (expansion device) 20 aligned laterally with the print unit 10, for expanding the expansion layer by irradiating the medium with electromagnetic waves; and a top plate 30 covering the print unit 10 and the expansion unit 20 from above.

A system for forming a structure on a print medium 1 includes: a print unit (print device) 10 for printing an electromagnetic wave-heat conversion layer for converting electromagnetic waves into heat, on a medium including an expansion layer that expands by heating; an expansion unit (expansion device) 20 aligned laterally with the print unit 10, for expanding the expansion layer by irradiating the medium with electromagnetic waves; and a top plate 30 covering the print unit 10 and the expansion unit 20 from above.

An optical writing device includes: a light emitting substrate on which light emitting device groups obtained by grouping light emitting devices is arranged; a lens array including image forming lenses condensing light emitted from the light emitting devices on an image carrier; a first base material including the lens array; and a second base material including the light emitting substrate or the lens array, wherein the first and/or second base materials, each of which includes a joint formed in a joint part with the other member, is a transparent body, the joint includes a metal layer, an intermediate layer providing a peak of total transmissivity of the joint in a first wavelength band, and a marker for alignment, the first and second base materials are joined via the metal layer, and the light emitting devices emit light of a wavelength band out of the first wavelength band.

An image recording apparatus that irradiates a recording target with laser light and records an image thereon, that includes: a laser irradiation device that has plural laser emitting elements, and irradiates the recording target with laser light emitted from the plural laser emitting elements; an irradiation condition adjusting unit that causes the laser irradiation device to emit laser light such that a part of an image dot recorded on the recording target moving relatively to the laser irradiation device overlaps an image dot adjacent thereto, and makes a laser irradiation condition for when image dots forming a boundary between a colored portion and a non-colored portion are recorded, different from a laser irradiation condition for when the other image dots are recorded; and an output control unit that controls the irradiation with the laser light, based on the laser irradiation condition adjusted by the irradiation condition adjusting unit.

An image recording apparatus that irradiates a recording target with laser light and records an image thereon, that includes: a laser irradiation device that has plural laser emitting elements, and irradiates the recording target with laser light emitted from the plural laser emitting elements; an irradiation condition adjusting unit that causes the laser irradiation device to emit laser light such that a part of an image dot recorded on the recording target moving relatively to the laser irradiation device overlaps an image dot adjacent thereto, and makes a laser irradiation condition for when image dots forming a boundary between a colored portion and a non-colored portion are recorded, different from a laser irradiation condition for when the other image dots are recorded; and an output control unit that controls the irradiation with the laser light, based on the laser irradiation condition adjusted by the irradiation condition adjusting unit.

An image recording apparatus includes a plurality of laser emission parts disposed side by side in a predetermined direction for emitting laser light; an optical system configured to collect a plurality of beams of laser light emitted by the laser emission parts onto the recording target moving relative to the laser emission parts in a direction crossing the predetermined direction; and an output control unit configured to perform control such that energy of laser light emitted from an outermost end laser emission part of the laser emission parts is greater than energy of laser light emitted from a center laser emission part, the outermost end laser emission part emitting laser light to be transmitted through vicinity of an end portion of the optical system, the center laser emission part emitting laser light to be transmitted through a portion other than vicinity of the end portion of the optical system.

Recording method including emitting laser light from optical fiber array to record image formed of writing units with moving recording target and the optical fiber array relatively using recording device including laser light-emitting elements and emitting unit including the optical fiber array where optical fibers configured to guide laser light emitted from the laser light-emitting elements are aligned, wherein the image includes convex-concave shapes formed by aligning convex portions relative to, as standard, vertical line to the writing units where the vertical line includes the nearest contact points at endmost side of the image in sub-scanning direction where the image is formed by overlapping or adjoining at least part of the writing units in main-scanning direction and satisfies formula below:

T0.4X

where T is average height of the convex portions and X is minimum distance between centers of the adjacent writing units in the image.